tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-68988248542334337032024-02-18T00:09:49.755-08:00法律達人 保障眾人 李宗憲律師民事訴訟、刑事訴訟、行政訴訟、勞資糾紛、勞工權益、租稅、存證信函、事務談判、事務調解、法律評估、法律諮詢、法律顧問、信託管理、契約審核律師見證、訴狀代擬、債權處理、公寓大廈、投信投顧相關法規、銀行法、車禍案件理賠訴訟、吳宗憲、JACKY WU、本土天王、康熙來了、徐熙娣、小S、大S、陳仁丰、Quincy、陶晶瑩、超級星光大道、陶子、李李仁、3M、李宗憲律師http://www.blogger.com/profile/03664871281828283954noreply@blogger.comBlogger67125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6898824854233433703.post-70223377667658154162022-04-29T21:22:00.000-07:002019-04-29T22:12:05.026-07:00民事錄影-跟您談談保證人-李宗憲律師<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">1</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">、什麼情況下需要”保證人”<span lang="EN-US">?<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">2</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">、什麼是”連帶債務人”<span lang="EN-US">?<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">3</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">、保證人能中途取消或更換嗎<span lang="EN-US">?<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">4</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">、夫妻作保離婚後仍有效<span lang="EN-US">?<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">5</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">、未成年人<span lang="EN-US">(</span>如子女<span lang="EN-US">)</span>能做保證人嗎<span lang="EN-US">?<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">6</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">、新聞曾有店家用貓咪當保證人,這樣有效嗎<span lang="EN-US">?<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">7</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">、只要簽名作保,借款人一再借錢都不用通知我<span lang="EN-US">? </span>如果朋友跑路了,不管借多少錢銀都能直接找我討<span lang="EN-US">? </span>有哪些自救方式<span lang="EN-US">?<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">8</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">、什麼是保證人的”先訴抗辯權”?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">9</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">、擔任保證人後,對於自己的財務規劃有什麼影響?<span lang="EN-US"> (</span>如貸款、房地買賣<span lang="EN-US">) ?<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">★</span><span style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">法律達人<span lang="EN-US"> </span>保障眾人</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">★</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">李宗憲律師</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">預約諮詢專線:<span lang="EN-US">02-27569918</span>分機<span lang="EN-US">9</span>(陳小姐)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">李宗憲律師簡介:<u><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.tzungsen.com/"><span style="color: #2e74b5;">http://www.tzungsen.com</span></a></span></u></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">經兆國際法律事務所網址:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span class="MsoHyperlink"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><a href="http://www.law-meridian.com/">http://www.law-meridian.com/</a></span></span><u><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;"><a href="http://www.law-meridian.com/"><span style="color: #2e74b5;"> </span></a></span></u><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">Facebook</span><span style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">:<u><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/lawyersmaster/?ref=bookmarks"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #2e74b5;"><span lang="EN-US">粉<span lang="EN-US">絲專頁</span></span></span></a></span></u></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">經兆國際法律事務所</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">地址:(<span lang="EN-US">110</span>)台北市信義區忠孝東路四段<span lang="EN-US">563</span>號<span lang="EN-US">9</span>樓</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">專業項目:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">遺囑製作、演藝人員契約規劃及紛爭處理、民事訴訟、刑事訴訟、存證信函、事務談判、事務調解、法律評估、法律諮詢、法律顧問、契約審核律師見證、訴狀代擬、債權處理、投信投顧相關法規、銀行法、車禍案件理賠訴訟。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">★</span><span style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">經兆法律<span lang="EN-US"> </span>保障權益</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">★</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br />李宗憲律師http://www.blogger.com/profile/03664871281828283954noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6898824854233433703.post-10542095981512713012021-01-02T02:35:00.000-08:002019-09-23T02:36:22.116-07:00109年榮獲柯文哲市長頒發獎狀<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />李宗憲律師http://www.blogger.com/profile/03664871281828283954noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6898824854233433703.post-35623107882209560072021-01-01T23:24:00.000-08:002018-09-30T23:10:29.215-07:002018年再次榮獲台北市柯文哲市長頒發獎狀<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-size: large;">再次從柯文哲市長手中接獲獎狀及肯定!</span></div>
李宗憲律師http://www.blogger.com/profile/03664871281828283954noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6898824854233433703.post-87443448357459764332020-12-31T20:17:00.000-08:002018-03-14T20:36:23.452-07:002017年榮獲台北市鄧家基副市長頒發獎狀<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-size: large;">能親自從臺北市鄧家基副市長手中授獎</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">倍感榮幸!</span></div>
<br />李宗憲律師http://www.blogger.com/profile/03664871281828283954noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6898824854233433703.post-80783542788711024752020-12-30T07:02:00.000-08:002016-11-29T17:41:50.432-08:002016年榮獲台北市長柯文哲市長頒發獎狀<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="background-color: #141414; color: white; font-family: "arial" , "tahoma" , "helvetica" , "freesans" , sans-serif; font-size: medium;">面對面接觸柯文哲市長,感覺到市長的率真及親切!</span><br />
<span style="background-color: #141414; color: white; font-family: "arial" , "tahoma" , "helvetica" , "freesans" , sans-serif; font-size: medium;">能接獲這張由台北市長柯文哲所頒發的獎狀,倍感榮耀!</span></div>
李宗憲律師http://www.blogger.com/profile/03664871281828283954noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6898824854233433703.post-61160990822551263462020-12-29T00:22:00.000-08:002015-12-04T16:09:35.751-08:002015年榮獲台北市民政局長藍世聰代表柯文哲市長頒發獎狀<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfc5rNd07y-eNqZNpWZGgrfwWu-G0ULme76XtcGjnpJ3mOcItKglGi0L3gNYYrZ7t8JM96bXZWHI-ZhBcDqfzdFtQZuA80EVLL5K8XAbcSyaeVK4zPwowfJtZiEyqWH8BsvF6zAD5kpfo/s1600/IMAG7991%25E4%25BF%25AE.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="298" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfc5rNd07y-eNqZNpWZGgrfwWu-G0ULme76XtcGjnpJ3mOcItKglGi0L3gNYYrZ7t8JM96bXZWHI-ZhBcDqfzdFtQZuA80EVLL5K8XAbcSyaeVK4zPwowfJtZiEyqWH8BsvF6zAD5kpfo/s400/IMAG7991%25E4%25BF%25AE.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: large;">接獲這張由台北市民政局藍世聰局長代表柯文哲市長所頒發的獎狀,與有榮焉!</span>
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<script type="text/javascript" src="//s7.addthis.com/js/300/addthis_widget.js#pubid=ra-5662269f74e8504c" async="async"></script>李宗憲律師http://www.blogger.com/profile/03664871281828283954noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6898824854233433703.post-35808086475089729732020-12-28T01:08:00.000-08:002015-12-04T15:58:02.953-08:002014年由陳雄文副市長代表郝龍斌市長頒發獎狀<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-size: large;">接獲由台北市陳雄文副市長代表郝龍斌</span><span style="font-size: large;">市長</span><span style="font-size: large;">所頒發獎狀,倍感榮幸!</span>
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<script type="text/javascript" src="//s7.addthis.com/js/300/addthis_widget.js#pubid=ra-5662269f74e8504c" async="async"></script>李宗憲律師http://www.blogger.com/profile/03664871281828283954noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6898824854233433703.post-69482762194105047342020-12-27T06:33:00.000-08:002015-11-26T18:58:52.147-08:00李宗憲律師為市民服務受郝龍斌市長肯定頒獎<br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>律師是一種社會工作,在台北市各區公所為市民提供咨詢時,會發現市民朋友有各式各樣的情況來尋求協助,有些市民朋友的問題其實和法律無關,只是求個心安。有些市民朋友可以不用透過法律程序,事情就可以得到圓滿的解決結果,當然大部分的市民朋友,是因為迫不得已,才來尋求法律的援助。以和為貴,還是台灣社會一種普遍的價值!對於前來咨詢的市民朋友,我經常心存感恩,因為他們提供了寶貴的人生經驗來當教材,使我對於人生的看法能更完整,處理事情能更宏觀,有時候,我也會將之前市民朋友的寶貴經驗分享與其他的市民朋友,希望能透過學習前人的經驗,減少自己犯錯的機會。除了法律意見外,我也經常提供自己對人生看法,來供市民朋友參考,互相交流彼此對人生的看法。希望透過自己小小的努力,能使紛爭少一點!社會詳和一些!能親自從<a href="http://xn--dev277gkhj.tw/">郝龍斌</a>市長手上受獎,是莫大的殊榮,更是一種肯定,期待未來的自己,能對社會及人群有更多的貢獻!</b></span>李宗憲律師http://www.blogger.com/profile/03664871281828283954noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6898824854233433703.post-60892566551074846842020-12-27T06:20:00.000-08:002018-03-14T20:26:22.993-07:00擔任星光大道主持人陶子 陶晶瑩委任律師 贏得法院判決<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-family: 王漢宗中仿宋繁; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 金梅新毛行國際碼;">陶子有一種鄰家大姐的親切氣質。初見陶晶瑩<span lang="EN-US">-</span>陶子,是因為某周刊不實報導陶子,對於陶子的名譽造成很大的傷害,陶子在演藝圈有著的形象,除了才華洋溢,主持的功力更是一流。當時有不少的廣告商找陶子代言,但是因為這篇報導,陶子幾乎失去了半年的廣告邀約,傷害很大!<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 王漢宗中仿宋繁; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 金梅新毛行國際碼;">因為曾經成功地保障憲哥<span lang="EN-US">-</span>吳宗憲和小<span lang="EN-US">S-</span>徐熙娣的權益,陶晶瑩<span lang="EN-US">-</span>陶子因此委託事務所為她來處理本件名譽侵害案件。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 王漢宗中仿宋繁; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 金梅新毛行國際碼;">最後,真相大白,法院判決某周刊敗訴,還給陶子一個公道。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: 王漢宗中仿宋繁; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 金梅新毛行國際碼;">剛好當時陶子的先生李李仁也有一件因該周刊不實報導的損害名譽案件,經過我們的談判協商,該周刊前自知理虧,在判決就趕緊賠償,和解了事。現在的陶子靠著自己的努力在演藝圈展現才華,主持星光大道而受到大眾的注目,主持功力更上一層樓,婚姻生活也相當幸福,真的很為她高興。現在的陶子,有了美滿的婚姻和事業,誠心的祝福他們夫妻一切平安</span></div>
李宗憲律師http://www.blogger.com/profile/03664871281828283954noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6898824854233433703.post-4805435139597471372020-12-27T06:04:00.000-08:002015-11-30T03:38:03.420-08:00擔任「康熙來了」小S委任律師 贏得法院判決<br />
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<span style="font-family: 王漢宗中仿宋繁; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 金梅新毛行國際碼;">第一次見到小<span lang="EN-US">S</span>,她剛懷了第一胎,但是保養有方,身材纖瘦,實在是看不出來懷孕的樣子。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 王漢宗中仿宋繁; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 金梅新毛行國際碼;">小<span lang="EN-US">S</span>當時上了一點淡妝,藝人的亮眼氣質仍無法掩飾,由晶透的皮膚散發出來,似乎預告著將來大紅大紫的前程。這件案子當時很轟動,因為當時某周刊剛進台灣,為了打響知名度,不實報導小<span lang="EN-US">S</span>、阿雅及范曉萱,危及小<span lang="EN-US">S</span>的演藝生涯。好在小<span lang="EN-US">S</span>是個很堅韌的藝人,渡過了這一段最難熬的時刻,最後走出自己的風格,大放異采。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 王漢宗中仿宋繁; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 金梅新毛行國際碼;">因為小<span lang="EN-US">S</span>比較忙碌,所以我和小<span lang="EN-US">S</span>的媽媽徐媽媽接觸比較頻繁,徐媽媽本人是比較感性的人,我還記得將案件處理妥善後,將賠償支票交給徐媽媽,她眼眶還泛著淚光,給我一個大大的擁抱,對我說:「謝謝」!聽到這聲「謝謝」的時候,當時我內心其實很感動,但是基於律師的專業形象,我只是嘴角略略上揚,沒有表達出太多的情感。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 王漢宗中仿宋繁; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 金梅新毛行國際碼;">雖然法院判決後賠償的金額,相較於小<span lang="EN-US">S</span>目前的身價不算多,但是這是代表一個公道及交代。從此之後,小<span lang="EN-US">S</span>不管是在演藝及生活都成為公眾羡慕的對象,在與名主持人蔡康永共同主持「康熙來了」之後,演藝事業更達到高峰。也在此祝福大小<span lang="EN-US">S</span>及徐媽媽一切平安順利!<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
李宗憲律師http://www.blogger.com/profile/03664871281828283954noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6898824854233433703.post-1228319778827055452020-12-27T05:44:00.000-08:002015-11-30T04:04:29.448-08:00擔任本土天王吳宗憲委任律師 贏得法院判決<br />
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<span style="font-family: 王漢宗中仿宋繁; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 金梅新毛行國際碼;">本土綜藝天王吳宗憲遇到律師李宗憲,是一件很奇妙的際遇。當時某周刊為了銷售量,誣陷憲哥</span><span style="font-family: 王漢宗中仿宋繁; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 王漢宗中仿宋繁; mso-hansi-font-family: 王漢宗中仿宋繁;">,大肆報導,用以衝高該周刊的銷售量,對憲哥名譽上造成莫大的傷害,憲哥透過關係與我們面談後,最後委任我們幫他維護法律上的權益</span><span style="font-family: 王漢宗中仿宋繁; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 金梅新毛行國際碼;">。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 王漢宗中仿宋繁; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 金梅新毛行國際碼;">能夠近距離接觸到本土主持天王吳宗憲(憲哥),是難得的緣份,與憲哥接觸後,發現私底下的憲哥很隨和,沒有任何巨星的架子,很容易親近及相處。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 王漢宗中仿宋繁; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 金梅新毛行國際碼;">承辦案件的過程中,發現憲哥腦筋非常的靈活,開庭面對法官陳述事實,有理有據,沒有絲毫的怯場。憲哥如果不是藝人,而是投身法律界,憑藉著他的機智及反應,肯定能成為一個成功的律師。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 王漢宗中仿宋繁; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 金梅新毛行國際碼;">這張照片是在台北地方法院開庭前拍的,憲哥說這套藍色的西裝,正顯示出此時的心情,真的是很「<span lang="EN-US">BLUE</span>」。這次的訴訟,經過我們和憲哥的共同努力下,終究雨過天晴,該周刊敗訴,判決要在五大報刊登道歉啟示,還給憲哥一個清白,雖然正義有點遲來,但該來的還是來了。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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李宗憲律師http://www.blogger.com/profile/03664871281828283954noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6898824854233433703.post-62867246900984331542020-12-27T03:00:00.000-08:002018-03-14T20:29:57.917-07:00來自馬來西亞的才華歌手 陳仁丰Quincy<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 王漢宗中仿宋繁; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 金梅新毛行國際碼;"><br /></span>
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 王漢宗中仿宋繁; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 金梅新毛行國際碼;">Quincy</span><span style="font-family: 王漢宗中仿宋繁; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 金梅新毛行國際碼;">陳仁丰是來自馬來西亞的歌手,外型相當的俊美。在網路上看到李律師的連絡資訊後,透過<span lang="EN-US">E-MAIL</span>與李律師連絡,逐漸與李律師取得連繫,初見<span lang="EN-US">Qunicy</span>就覺得他有一種藝人少見的氣質,為人也相當的謙和有禮,除了獨特的嗓音外,更能夠作詞作曲、自彈自唱,是歌壇少見的才子。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 王漢宗中仿宋繁; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 金梅新毛行國際碼;">因為和經紀公司的還有些誤會未能解決,所以與台灣歌迷見面的時間不長。經過法院的三審判決,終於獲得勝訴,確認<span lang="EN-US">Quincy</span>與前經紀公司間已經不存在任何的經紀關係,<span lang="EN-US">Quincy</span>能自由地與其他適合的唱片公司簽約。如此有才氣的青年才俊,希望在紛爭解決之後,星途能夠扶搖直上,早日有一個屬於自己的舞台,唱歌給大家聽!<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
李宗憲律師http://www.blogger.com/profile/03664871281828283954noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6898824854233433703.post-61069477396369095102020-12-27T02:23:00.019-08:002021-02-26T05:50:26.924-08:00李宗憲律師個人簡歷<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: x-large;"><b>李宗憲律師</b></span><br />
<br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b>洪貴參法律事務所 專任律師</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b>聚德國際法律事務所 專任律師</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b>永然聯合法律事務所 專任律師</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b>現任:</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.law-meridian.com/">經兆國際法律事務所</a> 合署律師</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b>現任信義區公所諮詢律師</b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>現任北投區公所</b></span><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">諮</b><span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>詢律師</b></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>曾任中正區公所</b></span><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">諮</b><span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>詢律師</b></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>曾任大同區公所</b></span><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">諮</b><span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>詢律師</b></span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span>
<b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="http://www.toastmasters.org.tw/d67web/ch/index.htm" target="_blank">TOASTMASTER(國際演講協會)</a>2012春季大會</span></b><br />
<b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">全國<u>備稿</u>演講比賽亞軍</span></b><br />
<b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="http://www.toastmasters.org.tw/d67web/ch/index.htm" target="_blank">TOASTMASTER(國際演講協會)</a>2012</span></b><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">秋季大會</span></b><br />
<b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">全國<u>講評</u>比賽</span></b><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">亞軍</span></b><br />
<b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="http://www.toastmasters.org.tw/d67web/ch/index.htm" target="_blank">TOASTMASTER(國際演講協會)</a>2012</span></b><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">秋季大會</span></b><br />
<b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">全國<u>幽默</u>演講比賽</span></b><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">冠軍</span></b><br />
<b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="http://www.toastmasters.org.tw/d67web/ch/index.htm" target="_blank">TOASTMASTER(國際演講協會)</a>2013</span></b><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">春季大會</span></b><br />
<b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">全國<u>即席</u>演講比賽</span></b><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">季軍</span></b><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b>101年5月 霧峰國中「法律與幸福人生」演講人</b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>101年6月 台北市士林區公所</b></span><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">月會</b></span><br />
<b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"> 「法律與幸福人生」演講人</span></b><br />
<b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">101年7月 霧峰國中「如何學習當個快樂的志工」演講人</span></b><br />
<b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">101年11月 霧峰國中「法律與幸福人生Ⅱ」演講人</span></b><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b>執業專長:</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b>藝人經紀法律、遺囑製作、智慧財產、商標專利保護、民事訴訟、刑事訴訟、存證信函、事務談判、事務調解、法律評估、法律諮詢、法律顧問、契約審核律師見證、訴狀代擬、債權處理、銀行法、</b></span><span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b>著作權法、車禍案件理賠訴訟。</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b><br />
</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b>代表案件:</b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><a href="http://cch-foundation.org/" target="_blank">財團法人張釗漢原始點醫療基金會</a></b></span><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">法律</b><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">諮</b><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">詢顧問</b></span><div><span style="font-size: large;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><b><a href="http://www.caliway.com.tw/" target="_blank">康霈生技股份有限公司</a></b></span><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">法律</b><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">諮</b><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">詢</b><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">顧問</b></span></div><div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><a href="http://www.wan-da.com.tw/">萬達人力開發有限公司</a>法律</b></span><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">諮</b><span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>詢顧問</b></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><a href="http://www.moneyweekly.com.tw/">理財週刊</a>法律</b></span><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">諮</b><span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>詢顧問</b></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;"><b><a href="http://www.hwashin.com.tw/main/index.aspx">華信證券投資顧問股份有限公司</a>法律</b></span></b></span><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">諮</b><span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;"><b>詢顧問</b></span></b></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><a href="http://www.e-invest.com.tw/main/">倫元證券投資顧問股份有限公司</a>法律</b></span><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">諮</b><span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>詢顧問</b></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><a href="http://www.caiyu.com.tw/main/index.aspx">財裕證券投資顧問股份有限公司</a>法律</b></span><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">諮</b><span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>詢顧問</b></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><a href="http://www.paocheng.com.tw/main/index.aspx">寶成證券投資顧問股份有限公司</a>法律</b></span><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">諮</b><span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>詢顧問</b></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><a href="http://www.cgcg.com.tw/">西基電腦動畫股份有限公司</a></b></span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>法律</b></span><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">諮</b><span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>詢顧問</b></span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.pxfly.com/" target="_blank">傳翼數位影像股份有限公司</a>法律諮詢顧問</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://tw.mall.yahoo.com/store/missdora01" target="_blank">朵芙時尚國際有限公司</a>(</b></span><h3 class="LC20lb DKV0Md" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); background-color: white; color: #1a0dab; display: inline-block; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 0px 0px;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a data-ved="2ahUKEwjZguWU2sfuAhWEGqYKHaehAcAQFjAAegQIAhAD" href="https://www.daf-shoes.com/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.daf-shoes.com/&ved=2ahUKEwjZguWU2sfuAhWEGqYKHaehAcAQFjAAegQIAhAD" rel="noopener" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); background-color: white; color: #1a0dab; font-family: arial, sans-serif;" target="_blank">D+AF</a>)</span></h3><b style="font-size: x-large;">法律諮詢顧問</b></div><div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><a href="http://fun.taipei.gov.tw/MP_100005.html">台北市政府</a>法律</b></span><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">諮</b><span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b>詢律師</b></span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.iset.com.tw/portal/">三立電視台</a>「台灣霹靂火」「台灣阿誠」節目見證律師</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.tzungsen.com/2010/12/s-300.html" target="_blank">小S徐熙娣控告壹週刊民事求償案件訴訟代理人</a></b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.tzungsen.com/2010/12/blog-post_27.html" target="_blank">吳宗憲控告壹週刊民事求償案件訴訟代理人</a></b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.tzungsen.com/2010/12/blog-post_9872.html" target="_blank">陶晶瑩控告壹週刊民事求償案件訴訟代理人</a></b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.tzungsen.com/2010/12/quincy.html" target="_blank">新加坡歌手陳仁丰與唐果經紀公司案件訴訟代理人</a></b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b>潘慧如控告時報周刊妨害名譽告訴代理人</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b>國聯光電經營團隊背信案辯護律師</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b>境外基金「AIIT 」「Aviva」等違法募集案委任律師</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b>馬勝投資吸金案-銀行法 選任辯護人</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b>台肥公司「南港無雙建案」</b></span><b style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-large;">民事訴訟委任律師</b><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://news.chinatimes.com/">中國時報</a>記者妨害名譽案件選任辯護人</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://solutions.3m.com.tw/wps/portal/3M/zh_TW/WW2/Country/">3M台灣公司</a>勞務案件委任訴訟代理人</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.arima.com.tw/">華宇電腦股份有限公司</a>背信案告訴代理人</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b>大豐貿易股份有限公司行政訴訟代理人</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.arch-world.com.tw/Company/12467.html">石川工程企業股份有限公司</a>行政訴訟代理人</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.bcc.com.tw/">中國廣播股份有限公司</a>行政訴訟代理人</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.ftv.com.tw/">民視</a>與新聞局行政訴訟民視撰狀律師</b></span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b>小心「重購退稅」的陷阱</b></span></div>李宗憲律師http://www.blogger.com/profile/03664871281828283954noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6898824854233433703.post-62435532048468569492020-12-26T01:36:00.000-08:002019-04-29T22:16:15.410-07:00連絡我<img src="http://blufiles.storage.msn.com/y1pnGrS2P3QXEuculKaPWL3fI7MRtMpd4p9g_VInlHTzPg91KNN8ZrHdBSsuQOL-mWqn_8MHnPKEYQ?PARTNER=WRITER" /><img src="http://blufiles.storage.msn.com/y1pnGrS2P3QXEv_SF1E4z_PEETE5uB9mlIZRVj5rHBsn7EIeccquFTHXJSKedwjbjgtdckGg6efDzc?PARTNER=WRITER" /><br />
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<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">經兆國際法律事務所</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: 標楷體;"><br />
地址:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>地址:<a href="https://goo.gl/maps/arQJUiphWWz" target="_blank">(110)台北市信義區忠孝東路四段563號9樓</a></b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span lang="EN-US">02-27569918</span>分機<span lang="EN-US">9</span>(陳專員)</b></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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E-MAIL:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><a href="mailto:tzungsen@gmai.com"><span style="color: #6fa8dc; font-family: 標楷體;">tzungsen@gmail.com</span></a></span></span></b>李宗憲律師http://www.blogger.com/profile/03664871281828283954noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6898824854233433703.post-17005978903249028462019-03-13T21:35:00.000-07:002019-03-14T23:18:32.131-07:00自己用手機錄影可以當遺囑嗎? BY李宗憲律師<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">志祥是登山愛好者,喜歡穿梭於叢林中,享受芬多精的洗禮。在山脊上,眺望炫爛的日出,志祥的目標是完成台灣百嶽,終於在他人生的<span lang="EN-US">50</span>歲完成了這個目標。但是志祥不因此而滿足,他此生想要完成登上世界第一高峰<span lang="EN-US">-</span>喜馬拉雅山的聖母峰的夢想。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">志祥籌備了<span lang="EN-US">2</span>年,終於和夥伴正德和阿彥來到攻頂的營地,攀爬此峰的風險很高,除了登山技巧,更需要運氣,就如同當地雪巴人常說的:「是否能登山聖母峰,不是人決定的,而是聖母峰決定的。」。為了怕有個萬一,志祥於是把想說的話,要交待的事,還有財產如何處理分配的意願,透過手機錄下來,交給營地的夥伴,想說如果有個萬一,家人才能有個依循,不會手足無措,志祥用自己用手機錄下來的畫面,可以當作遺囑來使用嗎?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">律師教您怎麼辦:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">一、</span><b><u><span style="color: #e06666; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">遺囑能不能用「錄影」的方式製作</span></u></b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">《民法》親屬編及繼承編的歷史可追溯到於民國<span lang="EN-US">19</span>年<span lang="EN-US">12</span>月<span lang="EN-US">26</span>日就已經公布,民國<span lang="EN-US">20</span>年(<span lang="EN-US">1931</span>年)<span lang="EN-US">5</span>月<span lang="EN-US">5</span>日施行。而依照《民法》第<span lang="EN-US">1189</span>條規定:「遺囑應依左列方式之一為之:一、自書遺囑。二、公證遺囑。三、密封遺囑。四、代筆遺囑。<b><u>五、口授遺囑</u></b>。」,也是從民國<span lang="EN-US">19</span>年就一直沿用到現在,不曾改過,當時並無法想像到現代人人有手機,隨時可錄影的情況,所以並沒有針對「錄影」的遺囑特別規定,而只有針對「錄音」的口授遺囑作特別規定,</span><b><u><span style="color: red; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">而解釋上,錄影一般也當然會包括錄音的內容,所以在法律上,應該可以對於遺囑的錄影,應該也可解釋成「口授遺囑」的一種</span></u></b><u><span style="color: red; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">。所以在法律上應該是合法可行的</span></u><span style="color: red; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">二、</span><b><u><span style="color: #e06666; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">什麼時候可以用「錄影」的方式製作遺囑</span></u></b><b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">?</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">(一)<span lang="EN-US"> </span>依照《民法》第<span lang="EN-US"> 1195 </span>條的規定:「遺囑人<b><u>因生命危急或其他特殊情形,不能依其他方式為遺囑者</u></b>,得依左列方式之一為口授遺囑<span lang="EN-US">…</span>。」所以依照目前法律的規定的方式,只有在以下的情況才有機會用手機錄影製作「口授遺囑」<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">1</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">、</span><b><u><span style="color: red; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">「生命危急」或其他特殊情形</span></u></b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">2</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">、</span><b><u><span style="color: red; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">不能依其他法定方式</span></u></b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">(指自書遺囑、公證遺囑、密封遺囑、代筆遺囑)時。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">以上兩者缺一不可,<b><u>且照目前實務上的見解,就算是遺囑人「生命危急」,但如果還能夠用其他方式製作遺囑,就不能製作「口授遺囑」</u></b>。(臺灣新北地方法院民事判決<span lang="EN-US">105</span>年度家訴字第<span lang="EN-US">160</span>號、臺灣屏東地方法院民事判決<span lang="EN-US">106</span>年度家簡字第<span lang="EN-US">5</span>號參照)<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">所以就目前實務的運作上,要用錄影來製作「口授遺囑」的條件可說是相當嚴格。志祥的情況,生命跡象正常,還不符合「生命危急」的條件,這時候的錄影就只能算是「遺願」,而不能算是有效的遺囑。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">三、</span><b><u><span style="color: #e06666; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">用「錄影」的方式製作遺囑的時候,要注意什麼</span></u></b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">《民法》第<span lang="EN-US"> 1195 </span>條的規定:「<span lang="EN-US">…</span>二、由遺囑人指定二人以上之見證人,並口述遺囑意旨、遺囑人姓名及年、月、日,由見證人全體口述遺囑之為真正及見證人姓名,全部予以錄音,將錄音帶當場密封,並記明年、月、日,由見證人全體在封縫處同行簽名。」,<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">用錄影方式製作「口授遺囑」的方式如下,</span><b><u><span style="color: red; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">如果以下有任何一項沒有符合,就會違反法律的規定,整份遺囑就會無效</span></u></b><b><span style="color: red; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">,</span></b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">要特別小心:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">所以依照上面的規定,錄影的過程要符合以下的程序<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">1</span><span style="color: red; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">、志祥自己要全程入鏡錄影。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">2</span><span style="color: red; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">、同時找到二個見證人,即夥伴正德和阿彥同時一起錄影,並且在錄影的時候志祥要把見證人正德和阿彥的全名說出來,不能只是說綽號代稱。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">3</span><span style="color: red; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">、錄影的時候要在內容提到錄影的年月日。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">4</span><span style="color: red; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">、見證人正德和阿彥錄影時要提到「遺囑是基於遺囑人志祥的真實意願,遺囑為真正。」</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">5</span><span style="color: red; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">、見證人正德和阿彥說完要報上自己的全名。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">6</span><span style="color: red; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">、將手機放在信封密封,三個人志祥、正德和阿彥同時在密封處簽名並記載年月日。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">在本案例中,如果志祥只是自己入鏡,而沒有完成以上的條件,就只能算是「遺願」,而不能算是有效的遺囑。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">四、</span><b><u><span style="color: #e06666; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">如果志祥登頂成功,平安歸來,遺囑還會繼續有效嗎</span></u></b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">依《民法》第<span lang="EN-US">1196</span>條:『口授遺囑,自遺囑人能依其他方式為遺囑之時起,經過三個月而失其效力。』,所以如果</span><b><u><span style="color: red; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">志祥登頂後,平安歸來,經過三個月錄影的「口授遺囑」會因此失效</span></u></b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">,這是和一般遺囑有很大不同的地方。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">五、</span><b><u><span style="color: #e06666; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">如果志祥沒有回來,錄影製作的「口授遺囑」就一定會生效嗎</span></u></b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">答案是不一定,因為依照第<span lang="EN-US">1197</span>條:『口授遺囑,應由見證人中之一人或利害關係人,於為遺囑人死亡後三個月內,提經親屬會議認定其真偽,對於親屬會議之認定如有異議,得聲請法院判定之。』<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">所以如果志祥不幸殉難,只有見證人正德平安回來,那就要</span><span style="color: red; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">由見證人正德或利害關係人(例如:被繼承人)在志祥殉難三個月內,把錄影的遺囑提供「親屬會議」認定真偽</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">,如果對親屬會議之認定有異議,可以聲請法院判決確定。如果見證人正德或利害關係人時間拖過了三個月,都會導致遺囑無效的結果。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">六、</span></b><b><u><span style="color: #e06666; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">自己錄影製作的「口授遺囑」可能產生的風險</span></u></b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">雖然解釋上依照我國《民法》可以自己錄影製作「口授遺囑」,但「口授遺囑」的條件實在相當嚴格,容易發生以下的狀況,導致立遺囑人的遺願無法實現:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">1</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">、</span><span style="color: red; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">不符合遺囑的規定而無效</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">像案例中的志祥不知道法律的規定,製作時候並不符合法律的規定,都有導致整份遺囑無效。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">2</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">、</span><span style="color: red; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">遺囑無人知悉</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">有時候製作遺囑的人未告知他人,而沒有人知悉遺囑的存在,也就無法發生遺囑的效力。例如本案例中,三個人志祥、正德和阿彥同時發生山難,可能就沒有知道這份遺囑。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">3</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">、因為不明程序,</span><span style="color: red; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">三個月內沒有提供「親屬會議」或法院認定真偽</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">,導致無效:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">如果見證人時間拖過了三個月才提出「親屬會議」或法院,就會導致遺囑不符合法律規定而無效的結果。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">4</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">、遺囑雖然有效,但</span><span style="color: red; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">無法執行或執行困難</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">因遺囑涉及財產權變動,財產權的變動又牽涉到實務上的辦理過程,如果立遺囑人對於法律不了解,可能遺囑形式有效,但遺囑的內容在實務上無法執行或執行有困難,也會導致立遺囑人的美意大打折扣。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">七、結論<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">雖然目前科技發達,人人有手機,隨時可自拍。但由以上志祥的案例解析,可以知道,</span><span style="color: red; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">要用錄影的方式來製作「口授遺囑」,目前法律上的規定相當的嚴格及繁瑣,僅僅只是拿著手機自拍,如果沒有符合法律上的規定,最多僅能是稱為「遺願」,不會變成法律上合法的「遺囑」,「遺願」不會發生法律上的效力,只能當作繼承人的參考,就算是不遵照「遺願」,也不會違法。如果是「遺囑」就會有法律上的效力,被繼承人可以主張依照有效的「遺囑」來履行,法律上的效果天差地別,不可不知</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">所以在立遺囑時,最好還是事先能夠與專業律師討論遺囑的內容及將來執行的方式。由公正法律人員以專業的方式製作遺囑,一方面可以證明立遺囑人的真意而確保遺囑的有效性,一方面也可以確保立遺囑人的遺願能完全的展現。而能達成立遺囑人當時製作遺囑的目的!<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;">延申閱讀:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #00b050; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><a href="http://www.tzungsen.com/2019/03/by.html" target="_blank">遺囑自己打字,可以嗎</a>?</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;"> <span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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李宗憲律師http://www.blogger.com/profile/03664871281828283954noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6898824854233433703.post-56270387846127359682019-03-05T22:36:00.000-08:002019-03-08T18:32:28.081-08:00網路主播藝人應如何保障自身名譽及權利?BY李宗憲律師<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">芸彤是個才貌兼具的才女,在校園歌唱比賽的時候,被超級星經紀公司相中,簽約後成為直播平台的主播藝人。芸彤外型甜美,嗓音充滿磁性,很快就累積了不少的粉絲,成為主播平台的新星,尤其是鐵粉「風流三阿哥」,更是深深地受到了芸彤的吸引,在平台上大方打賞,贈送禮物,芸彤收入也因此快速增加。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">芊芊是芸彤的閏蜜,看見芸彤的成功,羨慕不已,經芸彤介紹後,也加入超級星經紀公司,開始經營自己的主播平台,但經過一年後,仍無法獲得大量粉絲的青睞。芊芊自認條件不輸芸彤,看著芸彤的成功,竟然心生妒意,萌生要搶芸彤粉絲的想法,於是開始匿名把閏蜜間在<span lang="EN-US">line</span>上私密對話,公開在<span lang="EN-US">line</span>的朋友圈、<span lang="EN-US">Facebook</span>及<span lang="EN-US">Instagram</span>平台上,甚至直接與芸彤的鐵粉「風流三阿哥」私下取得連繫,加油添醋地抹黑芸彤,宣稱芸彤在外的交遊複雜,在酒店兼差上班,目前由一名富商包養中等,以不實言論中傷芸彤。因此造成鐵粉「風流三阿哥」不再捧芸彤的場,也不再重金打賞,少了「風流三阿哥」的加持,芸彤的人氣大為下降,收入也大大減少,再加上芊芊不實的抹黑,芸彤也快速掉粉,人氣大不如前,芸彤該如何保障自身名譽?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">律師教你這樣辦<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">一、<b><u>搜證</u></b>:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">在行使權利的過程中,不論是提出「民事請求」或是「刑事告訴」,搜證是一開始最重要的工作,而且關係到日後權利是否有辦法申張,因為依法原告是要負舉證責任的。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: red; font-size: 14.0pt;">關於網路上的惡意攻擊,先不要急著回應,把惡意攻擊的網頁內容先完整保存下來,才是首要工作</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">。<span style="color: red;">有時候太早回應,可能攻擊者就會把網頁內容撤下來,反而失去了存證的先機</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><u><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">電腦的操作上</span></u></b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">如果您使用的是<span lang="EN-US">windows</span>的作業系統,有一個非常好用的搜證的利器,可能大家都沒有注意到,就是「螢幕擷取畫面」這個功能。可以利用
<span lang="EN-US" style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm;">PrtScn</span><span lang="EN-US"> +<span style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm;">FN</span></span>鍵這個簡單的方法,當您按下此鍵時,就會將螢幕影像複製到剪貼簿,您再把影像貼在<span lang="EN-US">WORD</span>上,作編輯的動作,就可以輕易地完成搜證工作。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">在某些鍵盤上,<span lang="EN-US" style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm;">PrtScn</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span>鍵可能會顯示為 <span lang="EN-US" style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm;">PRTSC</span>、<span lang="EN-US" style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm;">PRTSCN</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span>或類似的縮寫。而沒有<span lang="EN-US" style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm;"> PrtScn </span>鍵的某些膝上型電腦可以使用其他按鍵組合來擷取螢幕,例如<span lang="EN-US" style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm;"> FN</span><span lang="EN-US">+<span style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm;">Insert</span></span>。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><u><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">在手機的操作上</span></u></b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">也有相同的「螢幕擷取畫面」功能,<span lang="EN-US">
iPhone</span>就是<b><u>『電源』鍵+『<span lang="EN-US">Home</span>』</u></b>鍵。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">Android</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">手機可能是<b><u>『電源』鍵+『<span lang="EN-US">Home</span>』鍵(例如:例如<span lang="EN-US">HTC
Desire</span>),也可能是『電源』鍵+音量向下鍵(<span lang="EN-US">Sony</span>、華為、<span lang="EN-US">LG</span>、<span lang="EN-US">Samsung</span>、<span lang="EN-US">HTC
Butterfly</span>、<span lang="EN-US">M8</span>等型號手機</u>)</b>,各種手機品牌不同,都可以試試看。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: red; font-size: 14.0pt;">「擷取螢幕畫面」、遊戲、網頁文字或是語音對話,都最好完整紀錄,並將所有可以收集到的對方資料也找出來,並照順序歸檔,如果有網址最好也記下來,之後再將檔案存到隨身碟當作證據</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">二、<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><u><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">提出刑事告訴</span></u></b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">依照《刑法》第<span lang="EN-US">309</span>條規定:公然侮辱人者,處拘役或三百元以下罰金。」同法<span lang="EN-US">310</span>條規定:「意圖散布於眾,而指摘或傳述足以毀損他人名譽之事者,為誹謗罪,處一年以下有期徒刑、拘役或五百元以下罰金。散布文字、圖畫犯前項之罪者,處二年以下有期徒刑、拘役或一千元以下罰金。」,可依上開法條提出刑事告訴。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">(一)<b><u><span style="color: #e06666;">製作書面</span></u></b>:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">搜證完成後,先將事情的前因後果寫下來,何時發現?如何發現?對方的身分是否知道?或是有可能犯案的對象是誰?等細節一一述明,交待的愈詳細,愈能協助警方及司法機關來快速偵察犯罪,釐清事實。筆錄的製作也會更加順暢,如果將來有委請律師,也會方便與律師討論。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">(二)<b><u><span style="color: #e06666;">報案</span></u></b>:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">依照《刑事訴訟法》第<span lang="EN-US">5</span>條的規定:「案件由犯罪地或被告之住所、居所或所在地之法院管轄。」。而目前實務上見解<b><u>犯罪地,應包括行為地與結果地</u></b>。而又按藉由電視、報紙之報導將不實之言論散佈全國各地,使人名譽受損,<b><u>各地均屬犯罪之結果地</u></b>。(最高法院<span lang="EN-US">72</span>年台上字第<span lang="EN-US">5894</span>號判例、最高法院<span lang="EN-US">90</span>年度台聲字第<span lang="EN-US">18</span>號、<span lang="EN-US">91</span>年度台聲字第<span lang="EN-US">51</span>號裁判意旨參照)<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">所以依目前實務的見解,<b><u><span style="color: red;">報案的受理機關可以是我方「上網地」的警察局、或是有管轄權的地檢署</span></u></b>,<u><span style="color: red;">報案時記得帶上身份證、整理的書面及相關證據<b>喔</b></span></u>!報案時會製作筆錄,最後會確認資料、筆錄並簽名,領取三聯單即完成報案手續。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">(三)<b><u><span style="color: #e06666;">前往地檢署協助檢察官釐清案情</span></u></b>:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">如果警察局調查完畢後,就會將案件送往地檢署,地檢署會以告訴人身份發傳票傳喚我方及對方(被告身份)到地檢署釐清案情。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">(四)<b><u><span style="color: #e06666;">前往法院參與審判程序</span></u></b>:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">如果檢察官起訴對方之後,案件會移送到地方法院,法院會以告訴人身份發傳票傳喚我方及對方(被告身份)到法院釐清案情,由法院來認定對方(被告身份)是否構成犯罪及刑度輕重。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">三、<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><u><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">請求民事賠償及回復名譽</span></u></b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">:<span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">依《刑事訴訟法》<span lang="EN-US">487</span>條規定:「因犯罪而受損害之人,於刑事訴訟程序得附帶提起民事訴訟,對於被告及依民法負賠償責任之人,請求回復其損害。前項請求之範圍,依民法之規定。」,而《民法》第<span lang="EN-US">184</span>條之規定:「因故意或過失,不法侵害他人之權利者,負損害賠償責任。」及<span lang="EN-US">195</span>條之規定:「不法侵害他人之身體、健康、名譽、自由、信用、隱私、貞操,或不法侵害其他人格法益而情節重大者,被害人雖非財產上之損害,亦得請求賠償相當之金額。其名譽被侵害者,並得請求回復名譽之適當處分。」。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">當對方的犯罪行為經檢察官查證後屬實起訴後,我方在法院審理的過程中,就可以依上開規定提起「刑事附帶民事」起訴請求,請求對方(被告身份)回復我方的名譽(例如登報道歉、在網路上發表「道歉聲明」)及賠償名譽上及精神上之損害。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">四、<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><u><span style="color: #2e75b6; font-size: 14.0pt;">律師能如何幫我</span></u></b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">(一)<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><u><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="color: #e06666;">釐清案件事實</span></span></u></b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">行為是否構成犯罪,法律及實務上有一套標準,有時候會和我們生活上的認知會有一段差異,<span style="color: red;">當事人主觀上所認為的犯罪,在法院審判時不一定會構成犯罪。如果在明顯不能構成犯罪的情形而跑去提告,除了浪費自己的時間,在不起訴之後對方甚至可能反過來對我方提起誣告的告訴,雖然對方提告誣告罪不一定會成立,但相對地也會造成我方將來還要跑法院的困擾及訴訟風險</span>,所以在提告前先把資料與專業的律師討論過,經過律師的專業判斷之後再來決定是否要提告,能夠有效的降低訴訟風險,會比較保險的作法。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">(二)<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><u><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="color: #e06666;">製作書狀</span></span></u></b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">有律師幫忙製作書狀,能將犯罪事實完全呈現,去除不必要的贅言,並將證據有系統的並配合書狀,讓警察或司法機關在犯罪偵查能夠透過律師專業製作的書狀對犯罪事實及我方訴求一目了然,快速進入情況,加快偵辦的速度。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">(三)<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><u><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="color: #e06666;">協助至警局製作筆錄</span></span></u></b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">警方一般都會尊重律師的專業意見,有律師陪同到警局製作筆錄,警方在態度上會比較溫和,如果遇到警方在法律上有不太瞭解的部分,律師也能當場協助說明,明確記載於筆錄上,一方面可以協助警方辦案流程順暢,也可以以避免警方錯判事實而產生不願意受理的情況。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">(四)<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><u><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="color: #e06666;">於地檢署及法院開庭時到場為您主張權益</span></span></u></b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">一般民眾平常幾乎不太可能進出法院或地檢署等司法機關,所以就算提告,前往司法機關,都不免緊張,甚至有些人會講不出話來,或者是講的不是法律上的重點,陳述過於分散。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">有律師協助,就能針對重點,一一回覆檢察官及法官的問題,如果有些法律上的問題不知道要怎麼回答,還可以直接請律師代為回答。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">(五)<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><u><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="color: #e06666;">協助與對方協商賠償金額</span></span></u></b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">到底應該要求多少賠償?開太高,和解不容易成立。開太低又不足以彌補損害。賠償數字是一般人難以決定的問題。律師可以針對犯罪造成的損害、對方的經濟情況、實務上的見解及辦案經驗,協助與對方就賠償金額早日達成共識,避免不必要的時間及精神浪費。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">(六)<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><u><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="color: #e06666;">達成和解後製作書面之和解文件</span></span></u></b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">製作和解書面中有很多需要注意的地方,有時對方只付前面幾期,等地檢署不起訴或法院不受理判決後,就不再繳納,製作和解書面就要將這些相關的條件考慮進去,以確保障我方能順利取得所有的賠償之金額。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">結論:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">隨著直播平台例如:<span lang="EN-US">17</span>、<span lang="EN-US">Live.me</span>、<span lang="EN-US">UP</span>、<span lang="EN-US">MeMe</span>等的快速發展,網路主播藝人也成為新一代的網路新貴。但網路的發達,不實的言論散佈的速度也更容易快速漫延,曾有藝人因受不了網路上的惡意言論攻擊而輕生的案例,一條年輕寶貴之生命即因此隕落,令人不勝唏噓,可見網路上惡意不實言論的散佈會對藝人朋友們名譽及演藝生涯造成強大的殺傷力,而法律上的保護,也就相形重要。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">網路上的惡意攻擊言論,雖然可惡,但些流言蜚語畢竟是一時的、短暫的。透過法律來保護我們的權益,還我們清白,會是比較好的作法,<b>只有過不去的心情,沒有過不去的事情,留得青山在,不怕沒柴燒,</b>切勿因為一時流言蜚語就想不開輕生,留下珍惜我們的家人及朋友。人生活得更精彩、更成功,才是讓對方後悔的最好方法!<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">延申閱讀:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;"><a href="http://www.tzungsen.com/2018/03/by.html" target="_blank">簽了「經紀約」之後,藝人可以中途解約嗎</a>? <span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;"><a href="http://www.tzungsen.com/2018/03/5-by.html" target="_blank">藝人簽經紀約前應注意的<span lang="EN-US">5</span>件事?</a><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">★</span><span style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">法律達人<span lang="EN-US"> </span>保障眾人<span lang="EN-US">★<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">李宗憲律師<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">預約諮詢專線:<span lang="EN-US">02-27569918</span>分機<span lang="EN-US">9</span>(陳小姐)<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">李宗憲律師簡介:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><a href="http://www.tzungsen.com/"><span style="color: #2e74b5; font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體; mso-themecolor: accent1; mso-themeshade: 191;">http://www.tzungsen.com</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">經兆國際法律事務所網址:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><a href="http://www.law-meridian.com/"><span style="color: #2e74b5; font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體; mso-themecolor: accent1; mso-themeshade: 191;">http://www.law-meridian.com/</span></a><a href="http://www.law-meridian.com/" target="_blank"><span style="color: #2e74b5; font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體; mso-themecolor: accent1; mso-themeshade: 191;"> </span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">Facebook</span><span style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/lawyersmaster/?ref=bookmarks" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #2e74b5; font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體; mso-themecolor: accent1; mso-themeshade: 191;">粉絲專頁</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">經兆國際法律事務所<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">地址:(<span lang="EN-US">110</span>)台北市信義區忠孝東路四段<span lang="EN-US">563</span>號<span lang="EN-US">9</span>樓<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">專業項目:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">演藝人員契約規劃及紛爭處理、遺囑製作、民事訴訟、刑事訴訟、存證信函、事務談判、事務調解、法律評估、法律諮詢、法律顧問、契約審核律師見證、訴狀代擬、債權處理、投信投顧相關法規、銀行法、車禍案件理賠訴訟。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">★</span><span style="color: #2e74b5; font-size: 14.0pt;">經兆法律<span lang="EN-US"> </span>保障權益<span lang="EN-US">★<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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李宗憲律師http://www.blogger.com/profile/03664871281828283954noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6898824854233433703.post-81549433011592581802019-03-04T21:32:00.001-08:002019-03-04T23:27:31.967-08:00遺囑自己打字,可以嗎? BY李宗憲律師<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">振興是竹科的高階工程師,因為工作忙碌,無暇參加社交生活,因為一直沒有結婚,所以<span lang="EN-US">50</span>歲的時候,還是孤家寡人,最後他也就打消結婚的念頭。最近聽聞高中同學正德癌症末期,因為發現的時候癌細胞已擴散到腦部,所以正德被發現時已陷入昏迷,什麼還來不及交待,就已經撒手人寰,家人對於正德的財產及債務狀況完全不清楚,因此手足無措,陷入愁雲慘霧之中。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">步出正德的喪禮會場,振興想到高中時和正德的點點滴滴,內心滿是不捨與惆悵,為了避免家人也遇到這種狀況,於是把自己的遺願以及身後財產的處理方式用「電腦打字」後,列印出來,最後簽上自己的名字,裝在信封裡,並在信封外寫上大大的「遺囑」二個字,希望日後家人如果真的遭遇到相同的狀況,能依照這份遺囑辦理,不會手忙腳亂,振興用「電腦打字」的遺囑有效嗎?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">律師教您怎麼辦:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">一、<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><u><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">遺囑能不能自己寫</span></u></b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">依照《民法》第<span lang="EN-US">1189</span>條規定:「遺囑應依左列方式之一為之:<u>一、自書遺囑。</u>二、公證遺囑。三、密封遺囑。四、代筆遺囑。五、口授遺囑。」,已經明文規定遺囑能自己製作,<u><span style="color: red;">所以在法律上是可以自己寫遺囑的</span></u>。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">二、<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><u><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">遺囑自己寫要注意什麼</span></u></b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">依照《民法》第<span lang="EN-US">1190</span>條規定:「自書遺囑者,應自書遺囑全文,記明年、月、日,並親自簽名;如有增減、塗改,應註明增減、塗改之處所及字數,另行簽名。」<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">因為遺囑是「要式行為」<b><u><span style="color: red;">如果以下有任何一項沒有符合,就會違反法律的規定,整份遺囑就會無效</span></u><span style="color: red;">,</span></b>要特別小心: <span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">1、<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">自書遺囑全文:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">整份遺囑都要自己親自寫,不能有他人代筆的情形。包括由別人代筆,自己簽名的情形也是無效的。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">2、<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">記明年、月、日:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">要在遺囑上載明日期,用國字或阿拉伯數字都可以。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">3、<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">並親自簽名:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">在寫完遺囑之後,最後要自己簽名確認。如果只蓋印章沒有簽名,也是無效,要特別注意。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">4、<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">如有增減、塗改,應註明增減、塗改之處所及字數,另行簽名:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">中間有修改的部分,要註明在第幾行有改,改幾個字,親自簽名確認。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">三、<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><u><span style="color: red; font-size: 16.0pt;">可不可以用電腦打字</span></u></b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">因為遺囑是「要式行為」,依照法律規定及目前實務的見解,<b><u><span style="color: red;">自書遺囑一定要用「書寫」的方式</span></u></b>。雖然隨著科技的進步,大家已經習慣用電腦打字,但在法律還沒修改之前,<b><u><span style="color: red;">自書遺囑用電腦打字還是無效的</span>,目前的法院判決見解也是持相同的意見</u>(臺灣臺中地方法院家事判決<span lang="EN-US">101</span>年度家訴字第<span lang="EN-US">190</span>號、臺灣士林地方法院民事判決<span lang="EN-US">100</span>年度家訴字第<span lang="EN-US">150</span>號、臺北高等行政法院判決<span lang="EN-US">100</span>年度訴字第<span lang="EN-US">632</span>號)</b>。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">所以在本案例中,振興用「電腦打字」的遺囑是無效的。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">四、<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><u><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">自己寫遺囑可能產生的風險</span></u></b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">雖然依照我國《民法》可以自己書寫遺囑,但在實務上曾發生以下的狀況,導致立遺囑人的遺願無法實現:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">1、<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">遺囑無效:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">像案例中振興不知道法律的規定,用電腦打字。或是在製作遺囑的過程中有一項不符合法律的規定,導致整份遺囑無效,當初立遺囑人的目的,就無法達成了。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">2、<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">遺囑無人知悉:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">有時候製作遺囑的人未告知他人,而沒有人知悉遺囑的存在,也就無法發生遺囑的效力。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">3、<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">容易發生遺囑真偽的爭議:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">發現遺囑時,可能不是所有家族的人都在場,遺囑中如果有些特別的安排,受到不利影響的人,可能會爭執遺囑的真實性,甚至主張遺囑偽造,由於無中立第三人在場證明,將可能導致遺囑真實性證明的困難。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">4、<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">遺囑可能遭到隱匿:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">發現遺囑的人,可能本身就是受到遺囑不利影響的人,如果遭到隱匿,立遺囑人的本意,就可能因此無法彰顯。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">5、<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">遺囑雖然有效,但無法執行或執行困難:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">因遺囑涉及財產權變動,財產權的變動又牽涉到實務上的辦理過程,如果立遺囑人對於法律不了解,可能遺囑形式有效,但遺囑的內容在實務上無法執行或執行有困難,也會導致立遺囑人的美意大打折扣。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">五、結論<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;"> </span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;">隨著社會的觀念的開放,愈來愈多的人不再忌諱身後的規劃,立遺囑不再是老年人的專利。中青代,更願意敞開心胸面對無常的到來,提前以書面遺囑的方式向家人告別,交待應處理的事項,以避免家人的手足無措,這其實也是一種對家人的體貼及表達愛的方式。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;"><span style="color: #e06666;">只是在立遺囑時,最好還是能夠與專業人士討論遺囑的內容及將來執行的方式。由公正的第三人以專業的方式製作遺囑,一方面可以證明立遺囑人的真意而確保遺囑的有效性,一方面也可以確保立遺囑人的遺願能完全的展現,立遺囑人的一番美意才不會因此而辜負了!</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #2e75b6; font-size: 16.0pt;">★</span><span style="color: #2e75b6; font-size: 16.0pt;">法律達人<span lang="EN-US"> </span>保障眾人<span lang="EN-US">★<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #2e75b6; font-size: 16.0pt;">李宗憲律師<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #2e75b6; font-size: 16.0pt;">預約諮詢專線:<span lang="EN-US">02-27569918</span>分機<span lang="EN-US">9</span>(陳小姐)<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #2e75b6; font-size: 16.0pt;">李宗憲律師簡介:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #2e75b6; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #2E75B6; mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms: lumm=75000; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: accent1; mso-themecolor: accent1; mso-themeshade: 191;"><a href="http://www.tzungsen.com/"><span style="color: #2e75b6; font-size: 16.0pt;">http://www.tzungsen.com</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #2e75b6; font-size: 16.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #2e75b6; font-size: 16.0pt;">經兆國際法律事務所網址:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #2e75b6; font-size: 16.0pt;"><a href="http://www.law-meridian.com/"><span style="color: #2e75b6; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #2E75B6; mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms: lumm=75000; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: accent1; mso-themecolor: accent1; mso-themeshade: 191;">http://www.law-meridian.com/</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #2e75b6; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #2E75B6; mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms: lumm=75000; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: accent1; mso-themecolor: accent1; mso-themeshade: 191;"><a href="http://www.law-meridian.com/" target="_blank"><span style="color: #2e75b6; font-size: 16.0pt;"> </span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #2e75b6; font-size: 16.0pt;">
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #2e75b6; font-size: 16.0pt;">Facebook</span><span style="color: #2e75b6; font-size: 16.0pt;">:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #2e75b6; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #2E75B6; mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms: lumm=75000; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: accent1; mso-themecolor: accent1; mso-themeshade: 191;"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/lawyersmaster/?ref=bookmarks" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #2e75b6; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">粉絲<span lang="EN-US">專<span lang="EN-US">頁</span></span></span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #2e75b6; font-size: 16.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #2e75b6; font-size: 16.0pt;">經兆國際法律事務所<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #2e75b6; font-size: 16.0pt;">地址:(<span lang="EN-US">110</span>)台北市信義區忠孝東路四段<span lang="EN-US">563</span>號<span lang="EN-US">9</span>樓<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #2e75b6; font-size: 16.0pt;">捷運市府站斜對面</span></div>
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<span style="color: #2e75b6; font-size: 16.0pt;">專業項目:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #2e75b6; font-size: 16.0pt;">遺囑製作、演藝人員契約規劃及紛爭處理、民事訴訟、刑事訴訟、存證信函、事務談判、事務調解、法律評估、法律諮詢、法律顧問、契約審核律師見證、訴狀代擬、債權處理、投信投顧相關法規、銀行法、車禍案件理賠訴訟。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #2e75b6; font-size: 16.0pt;">★</span><span style="color: #2e75b6; font-size: 16.0pt;">經兆法律<span lang="EN-US"> </span>保障權益<span lang="EN-US">★<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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李宗憲律師http://www.blogger.com/profile/03664871281828283954noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6898824854233433703.post-25792738701038558982018-03-14T20:04:00.000-07:002019-03-05T22:45:01.950-08:00簽了「經紀約」之後,藝人可以中途解約嗎?BY李宗憲律師<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEho1jicOcW_ZJv7PLLuvTa_yyWDOIXNf2VwF-iopc60MO1DGoXzAKB0Ons6y_dcK3JTUSbE4jp8jVKOP7LcJfHcDqslNHWTj-4RNeqsyeHIkIHHMpWcp7ay9_DxC4c6tKB6sgA899yemUo/s1600/%25E7%2594%259F%25E6%25AD%25BB%25E7%25B4%2584.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="1280" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEho1jicOcW_ZJv7PLLuvTa_yyWDOIXNf2VwF-iopc60MO1DGoXzAKB0Ons6y_dcK3JTUSbE4jp8jVKOP7LcJfHcDqslNHWTj-4RNeqsyeHIkIHHMpWcp7ay9_DxC4c6tKB6sgA899yemUo/s400/%25E7%2594%259F%25E6%25AD%25BB%25E7%25B4%2584.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">Judy</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">平時在飲料店打工,因外型亮麗,在那條街上,素有「珍珠正妹」的稱號。有一天「紅到底經紀公司」向<span lang="EN-US">Judy</span>的飲料店訂了飲料外送,<span lang="EN-US">Judy</span>當天送飲料到經紀公司的時候,剛好經紀公司的老板<span lang="EN-US">Mike</span>正在面試新人,看見<span lang="EN-US">Judy</span>的外形亮眼,剛好符合廣告主題,於是詢問<span lang="EN-US">Judy</span>有沒有與經紀公司簽約,由經紀公司來培養<span lang="EN-US">Judy</span>朝演藝之路邁進。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">擔任明星一直是<span lang="EN-US">Judy</span>從小的夢想,<span lang="EN-US">Judy</span>於是很快就與「紅到底經紀公司」簽了一紙<span lang="EN-US">10</span>年的長約。契約前三年<span lang="EN-US">Judy</span>對外的報酬只能分<span lang="EN-US">2</span>成,而且不能對外私接案子,也不能和其他的經紀公司簽約,要打工還要公司同意。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">Mike</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">對<span lang="EN-US">Judy</span>說:雖然公司一開始的條件比較嚴苛,但經紀公司要花很多錢宣傳和培訓藝人,成本很高,之後等到<span lang="EN-US">Judy</span>紅了,公司賺到了錢,就可以多分一點給<span lang="EN-US">Judy</span>。<span lang="EN-US">Judy</span>聽聽覺的有理,為了實現站在舞台上的夢想,就爽快地和「紅到底經紀公司」就簽下了十年的經紀合約。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">簽了合約之後,二年內「紅到底經紀公司」不但沒有兌現當初的培訓<span lang="EN-US">Judy</span>的計劃,只是零零星星地幫<span lang="EN-US">Judy</span>接一些展場走秀的案子,有一搭沒一搭的,<span lang="EN-US">Judy</span>的實在沒有辦法靠這些不穩定的收入過生活,<span lang="EN-US">Judy</span>可不可以自己在契約還沒走完的時候就半途和「紅到底經紀公司」解約呢? <span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">李宗憲律師的法律小叮嚀:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">一、<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">藝人和經紀公司的法律關係</span></u></b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">在目前台灣法律上,並沒有一個針對藝人與經紀公司的專門法律來規定,所以目前在實務上有相關見解是把這類型的關係歸類為「勞務給付之契約」,而類推適用《民法》關於「委任」的相關規定來解決。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">二、<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;"><u><b>Judy</b></u></span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;"><u><b>應該如何合法解約(終止)</b></u>:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">(一)<span style="color: #ea9999;">雙方「合意」解約</span>:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">契約能合雙方訂定,也能由雙方合意解約。但一般來說合意解約的情形並不多見,因為經紀約的條款大多較有利於經紀公司,所以經紀公司通常會向藝人要求解約金,才會願意合意解約。而藝人還沒走紅之前,經濟基礎還沒穩固,如果經紀公司提出「天價」的解約金,藝人付不出來,雙方也就很難達到共識。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">(二)<span style="color: #ea9999;"><span lang="EN-US">Judy</span>可依《民法》關於「給付遲延」的規定解約</span>:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">因為在本案例中,「紅到底經紀公司」沒有兌現當初的培訓<span lang="EN-US">Judy</span>的計劃,也沒有盡力幫<span lang="EN-US">Judy</span>尋求演藝表演,這和當初雙方的約定是有落差的,這時候<span lang="EN-US">Judy</span>就可以催告「紅到底經紀公司」於一定的期間內要履行當時契約的承諾,如果「紅到底經紀公司」在期限內還是沒有任何的培訓計劃或是幫<span lang="EN-US">Judy</span>尋求好的表演機會,那<span lang="EN-US">Judy</span>就可以依照《民法》第<span lang="EN-US">254</span>條的規定:「契約當事人之一方遲延給付者,他方當事人得定相當期限催告其履行,如於期限內不履行時,得解除其契約。」主張和「紅到底經紀公司」的解除(終止)經紀約。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">(三)<u><span style="color: #ea9999;"><span lang="EN-US">Judy</span>可類推適用《民法》關於「委任」的規定解約(終止)</span></u>:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">雖然一般的經紀約都有履約期間的約定,但是仍有實務見解認為,藝人與經紀公司間是以「信賴關係」爲基礎所成立之契約,而得類推適用《民法》關於「委任」的規定。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">而依照《民法》第<span lang="EN-US">549</span>條第<span lang="EN-US">1</span>項的規定:「當事人之任何一方,得隨時終止委任契約。」,雖然經紀公司和藝人已經約定了時間,但是在在信賴關係動搖的情況下,如果藝人仍受限於當初的約定,顯然違背委任契約成立之基本宗旨。所以就算<span lang="EN-US">Judy</span>和「紅到底經紀公司」的經紀約內有約定期間內不得終止,<span lang="EN-US">Judy</span>向也可依照《民法》第<span lang="EN-US">549</span>條第<span lang="EN-US">1</span>項向「紅到底經紀公司」主張解約。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;">後語:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;">藝人和經紀公司是屬於「共生」的關係,藝人藉由經紀公司對外尋找表演機會,經紀公司則因藝人表演酬勞約定分潤而獲利。如果經紀公司沒有履行簽約前對藝人承諾,沒有去培訓藝人,也沒有安排足夠表演機會,導致藝人無法維持基本生活,藝人就容易產生另謀出路,而有換經紀公司的想法,甚至產生解約的糾紛。雙方必需互信和互利,才能共創雙贏,約才能走得長久。</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;"> </span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;"><o:p><br /></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;">延申閱讀:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="font-size: 21.3333px;"><a href="http://www.tzungsen.com/2018/03/5-by.html" target="_blank">藝人簽經紀約前應注意的5件事</a> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="font-size: 21.3333px;"><a href="http://www.tzungsen.com/2019/03/blog-post_5.html" target="_blank">網路主播藝人應如何保障自身名譽及權利?</a></span></span><br />
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<br />李宗憲律師http://www.blogger.com/profile/03664871281828283954noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6898824854233433703.post-34547539398853924582018-03-02T01:03:00.000-08:002019-03-05T22:43:23.330-08:00藝人簽經紀約前應注意的5件事 BY李宗憲律師<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg87wfuTneG9VzljOU4S69Wj9H1yK3R_ilZ3R9hH_SBYfFLP6deX-tI7voQfk-eE0e3PHTZiOl0uOhGrnK4Ik1bqyWL_sOpnZV1K7iAb-cpWEszAyM8fomw43HJc1uteSX4wmAuHRFZDy8/s1600/%25E4%25BE%259D%25E7%2584%25B6%25E5%25A5%25B3%25E5%25AD%2590.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="398" data-original-width="600" height="265" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg87wfuTneG9VzljOU4S69Wj9H1yK3R_ilZ3R9hH_SBYfFLP6deX-tI7voQfk-eE0e3PHTZiOl0uOhGrnK4Ik1bqyWL_sOpnZV1K7iAb-cpWEszAyM8fomw43HJc1uteSX4wmAuHRFZDy8/s400/%25E4%25BE%259D%25E7%2584%25B6%25E5%25A5%25B3%25E5%25AD%2590.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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</span></span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">小妤有著亮麗的外表及曼妙的身段,因個性活潑,經常參與各種演出及歌唱比賽,也經常獲得不錯名次。打從在學校裡,就是眾人囑目的校園美女,一舉一動,都會成為校園討論的話題。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">有天小妤在東區逛街,有一名自稱小宏的男子,拿出一張○○娛樂經紀公司的名片,問小妤有沒有興趣從事演藝工作,並約小妤到公司看看。到了經紀公司,小宏說:公司培養藝人的經驗豐富,絕對能幫小妤找到最好的機會,成為一流的大明星。小妤被小宏濤濤不絕,口若懸河的說詞打動,看著</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 21.3333px; text-indent: 21.3333px;">牆上滿滿知名藝人的照片,</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt; text-indent: 16pt;">同意試試看。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt; text-indent: 16pt;">這時候,小宏拿出一本密密麻麻的「經紀合約書」要小妤簽約,小妤在簽約前,應該注意什麼事,才能保障自己的權益呢?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">李宗憲律師的法律小叮嚀:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">一、<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="color: #e06666;">先弄清楚經紀公司的基本資料</span></span></u></b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">在拿到名片的時候,先看看公司的名稱,到經濟部官方網站(<span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://gcis.nat.gov.tw/pub/cmpy/cmpyInfoListAction.do">https://gcis.nat.gov.tw/pub/cmpy/cmpyInfoListAction.do</a></span>)去查公司的基本資料,可以確認公司資本額、地址、負責人、成立時間等相關資訊,如果看到公司的成立時間很短(例如:<span lang="EN-US">1</span>年之內)、資本額很低(例如<span lang="EN-US">50</span>萬元)、公司登記負責人與實際負責人不同,或是登記地和名片上的地址不同的情況,都要小心注意,確認目前的經紀公司是不是不良人士用來詐騙的公司。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">二、<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"><span style="color: #e06666;"> </span></span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="color: #e06666;">經紀公司有沒有什麼成功的案例或是目前的演藝人員有哪些?</span></span></u></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">經確認公司的基本資料後,就要瞭解公司目前有什麼成功的案例。一般來說,比較成熟的經紀公司,比較可能會有成功的案例。而公司內部有哪些藝人,也可以進行了解,就算是公司裡會有許多藝人合影照片,也不代表這些藝人都是和公司簽約的藝人,有時候,只是剛好一起錄影,就順便拍下來的,可不要一廂情願地認為有合照的藝人,都是和公司簽約的藝人,還是要自己親自確認喔!
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">三、<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="color: #ea9999;">經紀公司提供怎麼樣的資源</span></span></u></b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">比較常見的經紀公司只是提供表演機會,從中抽取佣金。藝人在平常的時候就要有自己的才藝。而有些比較有規模有制度的,就可能會提供各種比較專業訓練,例如:美姿美儀、化妝、走台步、唱歌技巧或表演等。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">但這些課程,因為公司找外面的老師來教,還是有費用的產生,這些費用,就看簽約的時候大家的約定,是要由藝人負擔還是公司負擔,或是比例分擔。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">四、<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="color: #ea9999;">經紀公司和藝人有沒有什麼糾紛</span></span></u></b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">經紀公司和藝人間如果有糾紛,現在電子媒體相當發達,<span lang="EN-US">google</span>一下應該可以找到相關新聞或資料,可以參考。但最主要還是要釐清雙方紛爭的原因是出自於哪一方。經紀公司和藝人有些糾紛在所難免,但要看糾紛的原因是什麼?如果是經紀公司積欠藝人款項,或是故意冷凍藝人,就可能需要小心。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">五、<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="color: #e06666;">經紀合約上應注意的條款</span></u></b>:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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</span>1</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;">、<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="color: #cc0000;">契約的有效期間</span></u></b>:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;">簽約的時間愈長,對經紀公司當然愈有利,但相對的,對藝人就愈不利。但時間太短,經紀公司也會考慮到投資無法回收,這部分都是需要雙方依照實際的情形去協商的。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;">但經紀公司簽下的如果是新人,一般合約期間不會低於『五年』,因為一般三年才是一個新人發展的高峰,而到了第五年,經紀公司一般才剛收回成本或者有少量回報。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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</span>2</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;">、<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="color: #cc0000;">經紀的區域</span></u></b>:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;">經紀公司當然會希望經紀的區域擴大到全世界。但這最主要看經紀公司有沒有全球經營的能力,如果公司沒有全球經營的實力,藝人又簽了這樣的契約,藝人如果要去大陸或國外發展,就要原來經紀公司的同意,不能去找別的經紀公司,否則就會構成違約,這對藝人的發展,就可能形成一個相當大的阻礙。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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</span>3</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;">、<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="color: #cc0000;">抽佣比例</span></u></b>:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;">較常見的經紀公司和藝人之間的利益分成一般是「三七分」(即經紀公司分<span lang="EN-US">30</span>%,藝人分<span lang="EN-US">70</span>%),而一些當紅明星在約滿後續約時,經紀公司會主動降到「二八分」,甚至可能出現「一九分」的情形。這和藝人知名的程度有關,愈是當紅的藝人,因為收入高,就愈有和經紀公司協商的籌碼。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;">但經紀公司簽下的如果是新人,經紀公司可能就會提高到「五五分」或「六四分」。但有些經紀公司和藝人所約定的分成,是會分到的利潤會隨著藝人的知名度提高或契約的年度而有所調整,例如:第一至第三年「六四分」,第四年起為「五五分」,第七至八年為「三七分」等。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;">當然經紀公司要對一個新人進行包裝、宣傳和培訓必須投入大量資金,在藝人走紅之後才開始有回報,但最好是有調整的機制,對雙方會比較公平<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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</span>4</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;">、<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="color: #cc0000;">違約的事由</span></u></b>:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;">這要看經紀公司和藝人間的約定,有些條款會限制藝人在合約期間的私生活,藝人改變髮型、髮色、服裝都需要公司同意;有些公司為了要培養偶像型的藝人,會有「禁止戀愛條款」。禁止藝人在合約期間內談戀愛。有些條款在藝人生重病,無法履行合約,公司就可以立即終止合約,且無需向藝人支付任何賠償。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;">這些條款都是簽約時所要注意的,藝人簽約前都要審慎評估,如果真的覺的太苛刻,也可以再和經紀公司協商。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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</span>5</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;">、<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="color: #cc0000;">「違約金」或「解約金」的金額</span></u></b>:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;">經紀公司有時候會在經紀約上訂下高額的「違約金」或「解約金」條款(例如:<span lang="EN-US">500</span>萬<span lang="EN-US">-1000</span>萬等),來確保藝人將來的履約,或是避免藝人和自己解約。有時候藝人簽約之後,也因為違約金的金額太過龐大,不是目前自己所能付擔,僅管條件嚴苛,也只好忍氣吞聲。如果契約約定太不合理,而經紀公司也沒有什麼實際的付出,在法律上也不見得就能站得住,也可以找到法律上解決方法。但在簽約前,違約金或解約金的數額,如果太不合理,也是可以和經紀公司協商調整的。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;">後語:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;">經紀公司和藝人間是屬於互相依存的結構,經紀公司在藝人還沒走紅前要進行包裝、宣傳、培訓、安排好的演出機會,必須投入大量資金。而藝人走紅之後回報經紀公司應有的利潤,也是應當。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;">只是經紀公司和藝人間的契約約定最好還是保持彈性,可以依照實際情況調整,才能保持平衡。如果經紀公司在藝人開始賺取大量利潤,回收了成本後,也能讓藝人一起同享利潤,大家也比較能合作愉快。如果經紀公司還是堅持依照契約不合理的約定,只給藝人很少的比例,無法讓藝人共享成果,當然藝人就會有所不滿,雙方就會開始有嫌隙,容易產生糾紛。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;">經紀公司與藝人間能互利共生,共創雙贏,才是良好的心態,合作也才能長久。
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<span style="font-size: 21.3333px;">延伸閱讀:</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 21.3333px;"><a href="http://www.tzungsen.com/2018/03/by.html" target="_blank">簽了「經紀約」之後,藝人可以中途解約嗎?</a></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 21.3333px;"><a href="http://www.tzungsen.com/2019/03/blog-post_5.html" target="_blank">網路主播藝人應如何保障自身名譽及權利?</a></span><br />
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★法律達人 保障眾人★</div>
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李宗憲律師</div>
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預約法律諮詢專線:02-27569918分機9(李專員)</div>
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李宗憲律師簡介:<a href="http://www.tzungsen.com/">http://www.tzungsen.com</a></div>
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經兆國際法律事務所網址:</div>
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李宗憲律師http://www.blogger.com/profile/03664871281828283954noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6898824854233433703.post-76389922476903214122017-02-22T23:52:00.000-08:002018-04-27T00:56:14.967-07:00不動產的共有人,應如何主張權益? BY李宗憲律師<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">陳老先生過逝後在臺北市留下一間<span lang="EN-US">4</span>樓的透天厝,由二兄弟陳大明和陳小明各繼承二分之一,因為陳大明一家四口一直和陳老先生共同居住,所以陳老先生過逝後,陳大明一家人也就順理成章地居住在陳老先生遺留下來的房子裡。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">陳小明自就學時就搬出,獨自生活,自食其力。不料世事多變,陳小明因景氣不好,被公司裁員,生活一下失去著落,連房租都快繳不出來。為了節省開支,只好和大哥陳大明商量,是不是可以住到陳老先生原先居住的房間。沒想到大哥陳大明以房子空間太小為理由,斷然拒絕,不願讓弟弟陳小明搬回居住,也沒有要補貼弟弟陳小明房租的意思,同是繼承人的陳小明,雖繼承了房子二分之一的持分,卻無法獲得任何好處,陳小明前來請問律師,該怎麼合法主張權益?</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;"> </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">律師教您怎麼辦?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">一、<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;"><u>繼承共有人的權利</u>?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">依照《民法》第<span lang="EN-US">818</span>條規定:「各共有人按其應有部分,對於共有物之全部有使用收益權。」,所以陳小明既然繼承了二分之一持分,依法即可享有房子二分之一的所有權,可以使用及收益。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">二、弟弟陳小明對哥哥陳大明有什麼法律上的權利可以主張? <span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">(一)<b><u><span style="color: #e06666;">請求清空房屋,返還共有人全體</span></u></b>:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">雖然法律上規定各共有人按其應有部分,對於共有物之全部雖有使用收益之權,但共有人大哥陳大明對共有物之特定部分使用收益,仍須徵得弟弟陳小明的同意,如果大哥陳大明不顧弟弟陳小明的利益而就共有物之全部或一部任意使用收益,就算是侵害了共有人之陳小明權利,陳小明可以主張《民法》<span lang="EN-US">767</span>條的「物上請求權」。也可以依《民法》<span lang="EN-US">184</span>條「侵權行為」之規定,主張陳大明害了他的所有權。請求大哥陳大明應該將房子清空,返還給共有人全體。<span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">(二)<b><u><span style="color: #e06666;">請求「不當得利」</span></u></b>:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">《民法》第一百七十九條規定:「無法律上之原因而受利益,致他人受損害者,應返還其利益;雖有法律上原因而其後已不存在者亦同。」。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">大哥陳大明雖然是共有人之一,但只有二分之一的持分,如逾越其應有部分二分之一的範圍而為使用或收益,其就超越二分之一而為使用收益所受之利益,即可依「不當得利」的規定予以請求。。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">(三)<b><u><span style="color: #e06666;">向法院訴請分割不動產,將房子拍賣:</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></u></b></span></div>
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</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">《民法》第<span lang="EN-US">823</span>條規定:「各共有人,除法令另有規定外,得隨時請求分割共有物。」,第<span lang="EN-US">824</span>條第<span lang="EN-US">2</span>項規定:「分割之方法不能協議決定,或於協議決定後因消滅時效完成經共有人拒絕履行者,法院得因任何共有人之請求,命為下列之分配:一、以原物分配於各共有人。但各共有人均受原物之分配顯有困難者,得將原物分配於部分共有人。二、原物分配顯有困難時,得變賣共有物,以價金分配於各共有人;或以原物之一部分分配於各共有人,他部分變賣,以價金分配於各共有。」<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">所以弟弟陳小明也可向法院訴請分割不動產,如果雙方不能協議分割的方式,又無法分配得情況下,法院可以判決變賣房子,將出售的款項平均分配給陳大明及陳小明兩兄弟。
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">四、共有物的紛爭,多見於其中一方獨自占用,且在未與其他共有人協議的狀況下而發生。要消弭糾紛,切記要依其他共有人的持分,合理而公平的分配,才能達到共有物最好的效用,這一切還是有賴於各共有人無私及智慧!
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李宗憲律師http://www.blogger.com/profile/03664871281828283954noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6898824854233433703.post-91223992185107146232017-02-13T23:51:00.000-08:002019-04-29T21:50:43.385-07:00本票怎麼寫才有效? BY李宗憲律師<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">小彤是外形亮麗的網路正妹,人氣破表,粉絲無數。但因從小家境清貧,所以對於金錢有很深的不安全感。認為自己將來的對象,一定要是身家破億有錢人,對於嫁入豪門,當有錢的少奶奶這件事,有著夢幻的憧憬。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">雖然小彤追求者眾,甚至不乏知名上市公司的工程師、經理人,小彤都看不上眼,不是嫌工程師宅,就是嫌經理人忙。這些人對於小彤的價值,就只在高級餐廳需要買單,或是名牌店需要付帳的時候,充當火山孝子,掏錢付帳。對於這些呼之即來,揮之即去的追求者,就只能充當小彤的行動提款機。令旁人匪夷所思的是,這群火山孝子,彷彿中了毒似的,為小彤掏心掏肺掏錢包,卻樂此不疲,隨叫隨到。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">直到土豪哥東尼的出現,終於讓小彤眼睛為對一亮。東尼是小彤在五星級派對認識,雖然長相普通,有點臃腫,但全身上下名牌,光是金光閃閃的勞力士錶,滿手的鑽戒,就閃瞎了小彤的眼。派對結束後,東尼開著超級跑車法拉利送小彤回家,更是讓小彤芳心大動。小東尼告訴小彤:「自己是基金的操盤手,他最大的煩惱,就是就是錢太多,怎麼花也花不完!也正在尋找像小彤這樣的真命天女,一起花錢,享受人生。」兩人一拍即合,開始交往。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">東尼跟小彤在一起幾個月後,有一天告訴小彤,因為錯壓美國選舉,放空股票,馬上就要被斷頭了,急需大筆現金,向小彤調頭寸,本來小彤還有點猶豫,但東尼馬上拿出本票簿,簽上名字,大氣地交給小彤說:「金額自己填!」。小彤心想:「自己往後的幸福就靠東尼了,如果錢不借,萬一東尼不再理她,以後自己的幸福不就完了嗎?」心一橫,把自己這幾年來一千多萬的積蓄交給了東尼。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">不料,就此失去了東尼的消息,小彤一氣之下,把本票的金額寫上「二億」,直接向法院聲請對東尼的強制執行,才發現東尼名下根本沒有財產,連跑車都是租的。不料,東尼竟然向法院主張他本票上沒有寫金額,金額是小彤自己寫的,本票無效。後來法院認定是無效票據,無法執行,小彤人財兩失,該怎麼辦?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">律師教您怎麼辦:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">一、<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><u><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">本票怎麼寫</span></u></b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: red; font-size: 16.0pt;">(一)一定要寫的部分<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: red; font-size: 16.0pt;">以「紅色」表示,如果不寫,將會導致本票無效的嚴重後果<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">1</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">、<span style="color: red;">票面金額</span>:金額要填寫,不能空白,空白無效。
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">2</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">、<span style="color: red;">發票人親筆簽名</span>:發票人親筆簽名、蓋印章也可,但最好加上<span style="color: red;">手印</span>、及<span style="color: red;">身份證字號</span>,以後將來就比較不會有票據是否偽造的爭議。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">3</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">、<span style="color: red;">發票日期</span>:最常被遺漏的就是發票日期,若沒寫發票日就會變成無效票,一定要注意。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">(二)<span style="color: #2e74b5; mso-themecolor: accent1; mso-themeshade: 191;">最好寫清楚的部分:</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">不寫雖然不會無效,但最好寫清楚的部分,比較不會有後遺症,以<span style="color: #2e74b5; mso-themecolor: accent1; mso-themeshade: 191;">藍色</span>表示。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;"> 1</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">、<span style="color: #5b9bd5; mso-themecolor: accent1;">受款人</span>:最好寫上,不然以執票人就是受款人。意思是說,誰都可以拿票來跟您要錢,甚至可能是不認識的黑道大哥。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;"> 2</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">、<span style="color: #5b9bd5; mso-themecolor: accent1;">到期日</span>:最好把到期日期填上,不然會變成見票即付的本票,隨時可以拿票來要錢。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;"> 3</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">、<span style="color: #5b9bd5; mso-themecolor: accent1;">利息的約定</span>:如果沒有寫,依法年利率<span lang="EN-US">6</span>%計算。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;"> 4</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">、<span style="color: #5b9bd5; mso-themecolor: accent1;">禁止背書轉讓之記載</span>:如果沒有寫,執票人就可以把票據轉讓給第三人,到時候也可能是黑道大哥來找您要錢,而不是原來的執票人。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">二、<b><u>本票的效力</u></b>:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">依《票據法》第<span lang="EN-US">123</span>條之規定:「執票人向本票發票人行使追索權時,得聲請法院裁定後強制執行。」,如果是合法有效的票據,執票人可以拿本票的「正本」,向法院聲請裁定強制執行。<span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">二、<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">於本案例中,因為土豪哥東尼沒有在本票上寫上金額,屬於無效票據,小彤不能主張票據的權利。只能向土豪哥東尼請求返還一千多萬的借款。而土豪哥東尼實際上沒有放空股票,卻向小彤說謊,讓小彤陷於錯誤而交付一千多萬的金錢,已構成行使詐術之行為,小彤可向地檢署提出詐欺的告訴,請求司法機關追訴土豪哥詐欺的刑事詐欺責任,還給小彤一個公道!</span><br />
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李宗憲律師http://www.blogger.com/profile/03664871281828283954noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6898824854233433703.post-1047152335245197902016-11-24T19:22:00.000-08:002018-04-27T01:10:05.629-07:00哥哥姐姐都不養媽媽,我該怎麼辦? BY李宗憲律師<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjubhBsftXjS6UiveroE-sA_VcIXQ3-UI6wT8I4m09fQ75EM1U3_hQ-EA5A_Q7bakEt4OzQsOs0gKOAY7MzKlRXTwYHjd9ZKz9GjhH0CN_aR18x20_Xoxt-cmlAVeW6-ElONf6_iXLtJ9c/s1600/%25E8%2580%2581%25E4%25BA%25BA%25E7%2585%25A7%25E7%2589%2587.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="265" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjubhBsftXjS6UiveroE-sA_VcIXQ3-UI6wT8I4m09fQ75EM1U3_hQ-EA5A_Q7bakEt4OzQsOs0gKOAY7MzKlRXTwYHjd9ZKz9GjhH0CN_aR18x20_Xoxt-cmlAVeW6-ElONf6_iXLtJ9c/s400/%25E8%2580%2581%25E4%25BA%25BA%25E7%2585%25A7%25E7%2589%2587.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">王媽媽自小刻苦,王伯伯早逝,王媽媽茹苦含辛地把五名子女拉拔長大,老大到老四從小就很會讀書,也都相當爭氣,不是博士,就是碩士,甚至還出國留學,畢業後也都順利謀得一份好工作,成家立業,讓王媽媽很是驕傲,逢人便提起這四名子女。惟獨老五,好像和讀書無緣,成績老是敬陪末座,只讀到高中畢業,好在老五也沒有學壞,也學得修機車的一技之長,雖然收入沒有四個哥哥姐姐高,但也足以溫飽。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">但老五因為學歷不高,有點自卑,所以至今仍然不敢交女朋友,單身至今。再加上收入沒有哥哥姐姐們好,為了節省支出,所以和王媽媽同住,彼此照料,日子也還算過的平順。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">但誰知世事難料,王媽媽在某個冬天的早上突然昏倒,不醒人事,送醫後才發現腦血管嚴重爆裂,重度中風。接下來長期臥床的日子,生活起居時時刻刻都要人照料,而這個重擔,就落在和王媽媽同住的老五身上,一開始四個哥哥姐姐還會回來探望王媽媽,但時間久了,大家探望的時間也就愈來愈少了,真的應驗了「久病無孝子」這句話。龐大的醫療開支,用完了王媽媽的存款,老五只好先用自己這幾年工作的存款先墊支。想找四位哥哥姐姐商量分擔費用,不是不接電話,就是找不到人,接到電話就推托家裡目前的經濟很緊,無法付擔費用。老五眼看著自己的積蓄也快花完,自己也不能不出外上班,想找個外勞來幫忙看僱王媽媽,卻愁自己的錢不夠支付,老五該怎麼辦?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">律師教您怎麼辦:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">一、<b><u><span style="color: #3d85c6;">老五可以請求四個兄弟姐妹分擔已墊支的費用</span></u></b>:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">《民法》第<span lang="EN-US">1114</span>條第<span lang="EN-US">1 </span>款規定:「直系血親相互間互負扶養之義務。負扶養義務者有數人時,應依左列順序定其履行義務之人:<span lang="EN-US">(</span>一<span lang="EN-US">)</span>直系血親卑親屬。<span lang="EN-US">(</span>二<span lang="EN-US">)</span>直系血親尊親屬。<span lang="EN-US">(</span>三<span lang="EN-US">)</span>家長。<span lang="EN-US">(</span>四<span lang="EN-US">)</span>兄弟姊妹。<span lang="EN-US">(</span>五<span lang="EN-US">)</span>家屬。<span lang="EN-US">(</span>六<span lang="EN-US">)</span>子婦、女婿。<span lang="EN-US">(</span>七<span lang="EN-US">)</span>夫妻之父母。」,《民法》第<span lang="EN-US">1117</span>條規定:「受扶養權利者,以不能維持生活而無謀生能力者為限;前項無謀生能力之限制,於直系血親尊親屬,不適用之。」。「又扶養之程度,應按受扶養權利者之需要,與負扶養義務者之經濟能力及身分定之;負扶養義務者有數人,而其親等同一時,應各依其經濟能力分擔義務。」《民法》第<span lang="EN-US">1119</span>條、第<span lang="EN-US">1115</span>條第<span lang="EN-US">3 </span>項也有相關規定。所以依照上述的規定,<span style="color: #ea9999;">五個子女應該都要負擔王媽媽的醫療費用、生活費用等相關開支,不應該有任何藉口、只是因為每個人的經濟狀況都有不同,如果真的經濟有困難,可以把實際的狀況向法院說明,由法院來作調整</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="color: #ea9999;">子女對父母之扶養義務,是基於父母子女的人倫身分,本來就應該依照各自的資力對父母負擔扶養義務,也就是說有錢的可以多付一點,有困難的可以少付一點,但不能說全部都不付,所以如果只有其中老五單獨支出扶養費用,老五可以依</span><span style="color: red;">《民法》第<span lang="EN-US">179</span>條</span><span style="color: #ea9999;">關於「不當得利」之規定向法院起訴請求其他四兄弟姐妹償還其代墊應分擔之扶養費用,而且請求權的時效長達<span lang="EN-US">15</span>年</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">二、<b><u><span style="color: #6fa8dc;">王媽媽將來要請外勞的錢及生活開銷,王媽媽可以向法院聲請「裁定」其他<span lang="EN-US">4</span>位兒子給付扶養費用</span></u></b>:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">依照上面提到的規定,王媽媽有權請求子女給付扶養費用,而扶養費用的內容就包含了必需的支出如醫葯費、看護(外勞)、生活必需費用等,如果四個子女還是不聞不問,不給付扶養費用,依照《家事事件法》第<span lang="EN-US">3</span>條的規定,扶養是屬於「家事非訟程序」(戊類),<span style="color: #e06666;">王媽媽可以向法院聲請對其他四名子女為扶養費給付的「裁定」</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">三、<b><u><span style="color: #6fa8dc;">法律程序上兩個案件可以同時合併辦理,以節省訴訟資源及時間</span></u></b>:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">而向四個兄弟姐妹請求償還墊款的是「<span style="color: #ea9999;">老五</span>」,而向<span lang="EN-US">4</span>個兒女請求給扶養費的是「<span style="color: #ea9999;">王媽媽</span>」,對象可不能搞混了。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">依《家事事件法》第<span lang="EN-US">41</span>條規定:「數家事訴訟事件,或家事訴訟事件及家事非訟事件請求之基礎事實相牽連者,得向就其中一家事訴訟事件有管轄權之少年及家事法院合併請求,不受民事訴訟法第五十三條及第二百四十八條規定之限制。」,<span style="color: #ea9999;">雖然請求的人有所不同,基於家事事件的特別的性質,可以在同一個案子裡由同一個法官來審理,以節省節省訴訟資源及時間</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">四、近來不少當事人遭遇到案例中老五的困擾,而來詢問李律師的法律意見。眼見街上寵物站一家一家的開,生意好的不得了,有的人肯花錢給毛小孩洗澡、刷毛、作<span lang="EN-US">SPA</span>。但對自己的父母,卻是連頓飯錢都捨不得花,斤斤計較程度令人搖頭。甚至有些子女把父母名下的房產過戶到自己的名下後,就視父母如草芥,避之唯恐不及,看了實在令人感慨啊!<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="color: #ea9999;">父母是子女的「根」,人人都在求富貴、名望、權勢,這些是「果」,沒有在樹根上灌溉,盡往果實上施肥,這樣的用處,其實不大。所以「百孝經」上提到「福祿皆因孝字得,天將孝子另眼觀。」、「諸事不順因不孝,回心復孝天理還。」是有他深刻的道理,而值得我們深思的!</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="color: #ea9999;">延申閱讀:<a href="http://www.tzungsen.com/2011/11/blog-post_8245.html" target="_blank">子女不孝怎麼辦?</a></span></span><br />
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李宗憲律師http://www.blogger.com/profile/03664871281828283954noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6898824854233433703.post-29095530411001510052016-11-15T23:14:00.001-08:002018-04-27T00:59:04.632-07:00要聲請「易服勞役」?還是要聲請易服「社會勞動」?by李宗憲律師<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 14pt;">小王因停車糾紛與鄰居小李一言不合,大打出手,小王臉上被小李打出了二個黑眼圈,而小李則被小王打到肋骨斷三根,由於雙方都有受傷。所以互提出傷害告訴,開庭時,兩人仍是針鋒相對,互不相讓,也無法達成和解的共識,最後檢察官只好將兩個人起訴,後來因為小李傷勢較重,法院判小王二個月徒刑,小李一個月徒刑,兩個人都可以易科罰金。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">小李由於家中的經濟況比較好,選擇繳納罰金。但小王剛失業不久,又判得比較重,實在是繳不起罰金。雖然法律上有「易服勞役」和聲請「社會勞動」的規定,但不知道「易服勞役」和聲請「社會勞動」有什麼不同?又該如何聲請?問律師該怎麼辦?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">律師教您怎麼辦:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">一、<u><span style="color: #6fa8dc;">「服勞役」和「社會勞動」有什麼不同</span></u>?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">(一)服勞役:<span lang="EN-US"><br />
</span>依《刑法》第<span lang="EN-US">42</span>條的規定:「罰金應於裁判確定後二個月內完納。期滿而不完納者,強制執行。其無力完納者,易服勞役。但依其經濟或信用狀況,不能於二個月內完納者,得許期滿後一年內分期繳納。遲延一期不繳或未繳足者,其餘未完納之罰金,強制執行或易服勞役。<span lang="EN-US"><br />
</span>依前項規定應強制執行者,如已查明確無財產可供執行時,得逕予易服勞役。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">依現行刑事訴訟法<span lang="EN-US">466</span>條的規定:「處徒刑及拘役之人犯,除法律別有規定外,於『監獄內』分別拘禁之,令服勞役。」<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ea9999; font-size: 14.0pt;">所以「服勞役」是對於無法繳納罰金的人,到「監獄內」從事勞動折抵罰金的意思。入監其間不能自由外出,實在是和「入監服刑」差不了多少,只是名稱比較好聽一點而已</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="color: #ea9999;">。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">(二)社會勞動:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">依《刑法》第<span lang="EN-US">41</span>條第<span lang="EN-US">2</span>項的規定:「<span lang="EN-US"> </span>依前項規定得易科罰金而未聲請易科罰金者,得以提供社會勞動六小時折算一日,易服社會勞動。」第<span lang="EN-US">3</span>項規定:「受六月以下有期徒刑或拘役之宣告,不符第一項易科罰金之規定者,得依前項折算規定,易服社會勞動。」<span lang="EN-US"><br />
</span>依《刑事訴訟法》第<span lang="EN-US">479</span>條第<span lang="EN-US">2</span>項的規定:「易服社會勞動,由指揮執行之檢察官命令向該管檢察署指定之政府機關、政府機構、行政法人、社區或其他符合公益目的之機構或團體提供勞動,並定履行期間。」<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ea9999;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">「社會勞動」是自<span lang="EN-US"> 98 </span>年<span lang="EN-US"> 9 </span>月<span lang="EN-US"> 1 </span>日後才開始實施的制度,雖然具有處罰性質,但是透過在監所「外」勞動的方式來折抵罰金,可使無力繳納罰金可兼顧照顧家庭及延續既有工作,不用入監,是更為人性化的作法</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ea9999; font-size: 14.0pt;">簡單地說,雖然「服勞役」和「社會勞動」字面上看起來都是付出勞力,但重點是「社會勞動」之在監牢</span><span style="color: red; font-size: 14.0pt;">外面</span><span style="color: #ea9999; font-size: 14.0pt;">,而「服牢役」是在監獄</span><span style="color: red; font-size: 14.0pt;">裡面</span><span style="color: #ea9999; font-size: 14.0pt;">,兩者光是身體的自由的程度,就差了十萬八千里,對於需要維持生計或照顧家人的被告,兩者可是天差地別,選擇「社會勞動」無疑是較為有利的,千萬不要混淆了</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="color: #ea9999;">。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">二、<u><span style="color: #6fa8dc;">聲請易服「社會勞動」的資格</span></u>:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">並不是所有的案件都可以聲請易服「社會勞動」,這是要符合一定的條件的。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">要「<span style="color: red;">五年以下</span>」有期徒刑以下的罪,而且法院判決「<span style="color: red;">六月以下</span>」有期徒刑或拘役並於<span style="color: red;">判決「主文」上記載「得易科罰金」</span>,才有聲請易服「社會勞動」的資格。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">三、<u><span style="color: #3d85c6;">如何聲請易服「社會勞動」</span></u>?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">「社會勞動」,由各地方法院檢察署執行。符合聲請資格者要準備聲請文件親自到「<span style="color: red;">地檢署執行科</span>」聲請,<span style="color: red;">由執行檢察官決定</span>是否核准易服社會勞動,獲准者即可直接到觀護人室報到面談並告知行政說明會時間,準備執行社會勞動。如果檢察官不核准,還是要繳納罰金或入監執行。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">所以,並不是所有的案件檢察官都會准許「社會勞動」。大部分的案件檢察官都會給被告機會,但如果是累犯,或是犯罪後態度不佳的被告,檢察官認定必需入獄服刑才能矯正行為的,檢察官也可能不准,所以到地檢署聲請服「社會勞動」的時候,請務必拿出最好的態度,讓檢察官認為沒有入獄的必要才可以。<span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">四、<u><span style="color: #3d85c6;">聲請易服「社會勞動」要準備哪些資料</span></u>?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">(一)易服社會勞動聲請須知及聲請書。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">(二)易服社會勞動聲請人基本資料表與切結書。 <span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">(三)履行社會勞動應行注意及遵守事項與切結書。 <span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">(四)體檢表:除一般體檢外應包含胸部<span lang="EN-US">X</span>光篩檢<span lang="EN-US">(</span>勞工體檢表即可<span lang="EN-US">)</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">(五)一吋之半身彩色相片二張。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">(六)其他文件資料:身心障礙手冊、重大傷病卡、學歷證明文件、技職證照證明文件。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;">五、因為常有民眾收到執行通知書後,向李律師詢問無法繳納罰金的後續執行問題。所以雖然是個法律小常識,李律師還是覺得有必把「服勞役」和「社會勞動」之間的不同跟各位分享,以免民眾產生混淆,導致後續不利的執行結果。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="color: #ea9999;">其實在執行通知書上,都有記載著執行股的電話及案號。最直接的方式,就是收到地檢署的執行通知書時不要怕,依照通知書上面的電話,打給執行股的書記官</span>,報上案號,問書記官該準備哪些資料,該怎麼聲請,只要態度良好,相信書記官們也會很願意為民眾解答疑惑的!<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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李宗憲律師http://www.blogger.com/profile/03664871281828283954noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6898824854233433703.post-8020451465243544472016-11-06T20:22:00.000-08:002018-04-27T00:59:32.827-07:00在LINE上分享電影的「連結」,有法律責任嗎?-李宗憲律師<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">小華是個不折不扣的電影迷,每個星期最少去電影院看</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">3</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">部電影。平時也加入電影討論的社團,一起和同好們討論劇情及角色,每每陷入電影劇情,幻想自己是裡面的主角,不能自己。最近同是電影愛好者大明把小華加入了一個專以電影為主題的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">LINE</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">群組,群組內的成員,除了會對彼此分享電影的看法及心得之外,甚至會分享電影的連結,其中很多電影,還是目前電影院正在上映的電影。</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">小華點選連結後,發現「哇!真的就是目前正在上映的電影唉!」,有些電影還是小華這個星期才打算要上電影院看的,這下子小華樂了,心想:「這下子手機就是電影院,可真替荷包省了不少錢呢!」,其於好東西要和好朋友分享的想法,小華把這些電影的連結轉傳給所有的親朋好友的群組,讓大家也可以一起分享。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">過一陣子,小華收到了某律師事務所寄來的信函,說小華已經侵害了電影的著作權,要小華出面說明及理賠,如果小華不出面,就要提出刑事告訴,這下小華慌了,問律師該怎麼辦?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">律師教您怎麼辦:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">一、<u><span style="color: #3d85c6;">轉傳電影的「</span><span style="color: red;">連結</span><span style="color: #3d85c6;">」有法律責任嗎</span></u></span></b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">?</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">依目前實務上法院判決的見解,如果小華只有轉傳「連結」,使其他人可透過該「連結」到其他網站去看電影,<span style="color: red;">因為實際上沒有把影片下載後傳輸出去,所以不會構成著作的「重製」及「公開傳輸」,還不算是構成對著作權的直接侵害</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">依照經濟部智慧財產局的解釋,在小明如果明明知道連結的網站是不合法的,卻又故意轉傳「連結」給所有的親朋好友,有可能成為侵害著作權「公開傳輸權」的</span><span style="color: red; font-size: 16pt;">幫助犯</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">!除了刑事責任外,也可能要負共同侵權行為的民事賠償責任。但是否構成幫助犯,還是要法院依實際的事實依法論斷!不可一概而論。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">二、<b><u><span style="color: #6fa8dc;">轉傳電影的「</span><span style="color: red;">檔案</span><span style="color: #6fa8dc;">」有法律責任嗎</span></u></b>?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">和上面提到的狀況不同的,就是把整個電影的檔案轉傳出去的情形。之前殭屍片正流行的時候,李律師就曾經看到有人把「屍速列車」的影片,分段傳輸到群組的情形,如果是這樣的情形,不管是轉傳整部影片或者影片的片斷,都<span style="color: red;">已經構成以「重製」及「公開傳輸」的方式侵害著作權</span>的行為。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">依《著作權法》<span lang="EN-US">91</span>條第<span lang="EN-US">1</span>項的規定:「擅自以<span style="color: red;">重製</span>之方法侵害他人之著作財產權者,處三年以下有期徒刑、拘役,或科或併科新臺幣七十五萬元以下罰金。」<span lang="EN-US">92</span>條規定:「擅自以公開口述、公開播送、公開上映、公開演出、<span style="color: red;">公開傳輸</span>、公開展示、改作、編輯、出租之方法侵害他人之著作財產權者,處三年以下有期徒刑、拘役,或科或併科新臺幣七十五萬元以下罰金。」,是絕對構犯罪的行為,依法要面臨<span lang="EN-US">3</span>年以下的刑責,甚至是還要負民事的賠償責任。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">三、<u><span style="color: #6fa8dc;">單純點「連結」或是「檔案」看電影,是否有法律責任</span></u>?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;"> </span></b><b><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">依目前實務的見解,如果<span style="color: #e06666;">只有自己看,而沒有再轉傳出去,都不算是「重製」、或「公開傳輸」的行為,所以就目前法律的規定,還不算侵害著作財產權。也就說沒有刑事責任和民事的賠償問題</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">四、<span style="color: #6fa8dc;"><b><u>如果接到相關的法律文件,先確認對方真的獲得電影公司的授權提告?或者只是詐騙集團</u></b>?
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">李律師就曾經有當事人,接到聲稱是電影公司的電話,要求在<span lang="EN-US">LINE</span>上轉傳「連結」的當事人要出面和解,要的賠償金也不是太多,約<span lang="EN-US">3</span>萬元左右。甚至有些民眾沒有轉轉「連結」,只有單純點選「連結」看電影,只因為在群組內,就被打電話告知侵害著作權,要求出面和解,賠償和解金,不然就要提告。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">依《著作權法》的規定,除了是以複製光碟的方法侵害著作權外,都是「告訴乃論之罪」。所謂「告訴乃論之罪」,簡單的理解,就是被害人提告,才有事,如果被害人不提告就沒事的意思。<span style="color: #e06666;">而要提出刑事告訴,必須本身是著作財產權人,或者是獲得合法授權的人,如果不是著作權人,也沒有獲得授權,依法是不能提告的</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">有些詐騙集團,明明自己本身就不是著作權人,也沒有獲得授權,卻利用民眾不懂法律,破財消災,息事寧人的心態,向民眾詐騙金錢。<span style="color: #e06666;">所以在遇到這樣的情形,不論是接到電話,或是法律文件,民眾可以先請對方提出合法著作權人的證明文件,或是由合法授權人的授權文件,如果對方無法提出,或是不願提出,甚至提出的文件相當可疑,也無法查證,那可能就是詐騙的手段,要再仔細查證,以免受騙上當</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">五、「智慧財產權」雖然看不見,摸不著,但是與我們的生活息息相關,大家可以想像沒有電影、電視節目、音樂、或是<span lang="EN-US">APP</span>的生活嗎?生活中少了這些元素,是多麼的無趣啊?也相當地不方便。所以「智慧財產權」已經是和我們的日常生活分不開了,是需要我們去共同去維護及尊重。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16.0pt;">舉例來說,如果大家都不去電影院看電影,電影公司虧錢,以後還會有人出錢拍電影嗎?電腦軟體、音樂、小說也是相同的道理。沒有好的電影可以看、好的音樂可以聽、好的電腦軟體可以用,最終受害的,還是我們消費者本身。所以花點錢去支持好的電影、音樂、電腦軟體,去鼓勵好的創作,真正受益的,也是我們自己。相同的,將來我們有好的創作,別人也會以相同的理念來支持我們,形成一個良性的循環。這就是進步社會的象徵之一!<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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李宗憲律師http://www.blogger.com/profile/03664871281828283954noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6898824854233433703.post-1872093197265961862016-05-19T19:04:00.000-07:002018-04-27T01:00:01.522-07:00蝦毀!打掛竊賊要判刑!什麼是「正當防衛」?讓李宗憲律師來為您說分明!<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"> </span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="font-size: large;">正強在一個武術世家長大,自幼習武,不論是詠春、太極、柔道都有涉獵,也曾參加多次自由搏擊比賽,獲得獎牌無數,成績斐然。自與師妹小美結婚之後,搬遷北上,入新居後,小倆口過得十分甜蜜。但在一個意想不到的日子裡,日子發生了驚天動地的變化。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="font-size: large;">有吸毒前科的慣竊阿明剛出獄,一時毒癮發作,竟潛入正強的新居,意圖行竊財物,以購買毒品吸食。無巧不成書,正強當時剛好和小美一起回家拿東西,一打開門,就看到阿明正在翻箱倒櫃,兩眼相望,雙方都呆了半晌。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="font-size: large;">此時慣竊阿明仗著比正強高半個頭,想先以身體優勢壓制正強,直撲正強而來。但正強不愧是練武出身,還來不及多想,身體直覺反應,一個側身閃過正強的攻擊,接著連續三個詠春的「日字衝拳」把慣竊阿明打得倒退三步,鼻血直流。慣竊阿明看情勢不對,把準備在身上的小刀抽了出來,狂吼一聲,再往正強身上刺來,正強一不小心,被劃了一道口子,鮮血直流。但為了保護妻子小美,正強奮不顧身,抓住了慣竊阿明的手臂,一個近身過肩摔,把阿明重重摔了出去,不巧,阿明的頭,剛好撞在了尖銳的桌角上,當場血流如注。一場激烈的打鬥結束了,小美打電話報警,救護車把慣竊阿明送醫急救,但阿明卻因為頭部重創,腦出血不治,一命歸西!沒多久,正強就收到警察局的通知書,要正強去作筆錄,罪名是「過失致死罪」,正強可以主張「正當防衛」嗎?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;">究竟什麼是「正當防衛」,李宗憲律師為您說分明:</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"> </span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">關於「正當防衛」在《刑法》第<span lang="EN-US">23</span>條中規定:「對於現在不法之侵害,而出於防衛自己或他人權利之行為,不罰。但防衛行為過當者,得減輕或免除其刑。」,李律師試著用一般人可以理解的話把深奧的法律條文簡要地分析一下,儘量讓一般民眾能瞭解:
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;">(一)</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;">正強必需是遭受一個「現在」「不法」之侵害</span>:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="font-size: large;">簡單地說,<span style="color: #ea9999;">這個攻擊行為,必需是現在「正在」發生</span><span style="color: #ea9999;">。所以如果攻擊行為已經過去,例如:阿德三天前被人圍毆,三天後,路上巧遇仇家,阿德也不能再去把對方抓打一頓,主張「正當防衛」。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="font-size: large;">那如果這個攻擊行為是「合法」的,也不能主張「正當防衛」,例如:警察依法逮捕人犯,或是監獄依法執行槍決,犯人都不能奪槍反擊,主張「正當防衛」。而案例中正強所面對慣竊阿明的攻擊行為,是屬於「正在」發生的「不合法」攻擊行為,基本上是沒有問題的。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;">(二)</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;">正強的行為必需是出於防衛自己或他人權利之行為</span>:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="font-size: large;">像本案例中,正強對抗慣竊阿明的行為,是出自於保護自己和妻子小美的生命安全,就沒有問題。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="font-size: large;">但假設路人阿德經過,看到正強和慣竊阿明正打成一團,因為阿明還欠阿德賭債<span lang="EN-US">100</span>萬一直拖欠不還,而且還對他嗆聲,阿德抱著報仇出氣心態來教訓阿明,加入這場打鬥,把阿明海扁一頓,阿德就不能算是基於防衛自己或他人權利之行為,而是<span style="color: #ea9999;">尋仇的行為,就和「正當防衛」的條件不符合,不能主張正當防衛</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;">(三)</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;">正強的防衛行為必需不能「過當」</span>:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="font-size: large;">什麼叫作「過當」?什麼又叫「不過當」?這是審判實務上爭議最大的地方。舉個例子來說會比較容易了解,如果案例中是個<span lang="EN-US">8</span>歲的小朋友阿華趁著門沒關,進來偷點東西,正強只要把他抓住看管就可以了!但是如果正強把阿華毒打一頓,又來個過肩摔,導致8歲的阿華死亡,因為實力相差太多,正強實在是沒有必要作這麼激烈的處置,就會有防衛過當的問題!<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #ea9999;">但實際發生的狀況,只有當事人在場,每一個案例的情況也不相同,案發當時情況是否危險?是否緊急?有多危險?有多緊急?其中一些微妙的氣氛,只有在場的當事人,才能深刻地感受</span>,而法官是事後判斷者的角色,本人並不在現場,沒有直接面對生命的危害,對於現場行為人的心情及感受是比較難體會的,所以如果只是用一些客觀的條件加上邏輯的思考來判斷是不是防衛過當,就容易引發爭議,讓民眾有一種判決違反社會期待的觀感。法官只要願意涉身處地,問問自己,如果自己在當時的情況,是不是可能也作出和行為人正強一樣的行為,作出來的判決,就較可能符合社會的感情。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="font-size: large;">是否防衛「過當」要考慮的方方面面太多,真的是不容易啊!而媒體上面的資訊也是片面截取的,社會大眾如果有興趣瞭解,可以去看看法官的判決書,才能更全面性的瞭解,有更清楚的圖像,搞不好看完之後會覺得法官判得有道理喔!深入瞭解後再來發表意見,對法官會是比較公平的。
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="font-size: large;">(四)「正當防衛」條文看起來好像很簡單,但學理上的討論,已經可以寫出博士論文了。在本案例中,正強面對慣竊阿明的攻擊行為,為了保護自己和小美的生命安全,已經符合法律上的規定,可以主張「正當防衛」。但是否防衛「過當」還是要由法官針對當時具體的情況來作判斷,而法官在判決時候,大多會參考之前最高法院的判例還有上級法院的見解,但目前實務上對於「正當防衛」的成立是相當保守的,自民國成立以來,成立「正當防衛」的案例寥寥無幾!地方法院的法官要作出一個成立「正當防衛」的判決,要面對上級法院的壓力,是需要相當大的勇氣和擔當的,也難怪成立「正當防衛」的判決,屈指可數!<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="font-size: large;">要特別注意的是,在我國的實務上,<span style="color: #ea9999;">故意用言語挑撥引發他人的攻擊行為,例如說:「打我啊!來啊!不敢打是不是?你不是男人!」,等到別人真的開扁了,再反擊的行為,是不能主張正當防衛的。而互毆情形下,法院判決也不認為是「正當防衛」</span>,這是一般人比較容易產生誤解,而需要注意的地方!</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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